Terapia transfusional en el paciente quirúrgico
Resumen
Desde el descubrimiento de la circulacion sanguínea por William Harney por el año de 1628 (1,2), se realizaron intentos de transfundir sangre de un donante sano o de un animal a un paciente. En 1667 Jean Dennis (3,4) transfunde sangre de un cordero a un muchacho de 15 años que había sangrado, al parecer el paciente mejoró; otros intentos terminaron trágicamente, hasta que en el siglo XIX se reconoció que la sangre humana era el úmco sustituto adecuado. El descubrnmento del sistema ABO por Landsteiner (5) en 1900 inició la era del conocimiento inmunohematológico que junto con los trabajos posteriores de Weiner, Junnet, Payne, Coombs, Macsent, Race y otros investigadores, permitió el empleo terapéutico de las transfusiones sanguíneas con relativa seguridad, por lo que desde 1949 la existencia de reacciones hemolíticas son extremadamente raras. (1) La capacidad de transfundir sangre o sus componentes constituyó uno de los éxitos de la medicina moderna, disminuyó la mortalidad tras traumatismos graves. perm1t10 el progreso de técnicas quirúrgicas que sm el empleo de la hemoterapia no hubiese sido posible. Debido al incremento de enfermedades transmisibles debemos saber exactamente cuando está indicado sus uso.
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1 Ercoreca L.. Cirilo F Error transfusional. Medicina Clínica, 1987; 88:8
2 Rhoads Y . Allen G . Harkins H , Moyer C Principio y Práctica de Cirugía. Editorial PanamencanaMéxico, 1972, 127-131
3 Schartz S Principios de Cirugía. Editorial McGraw México, 1987, 4u edición 86-90
4 Goldenberg S. Bases de Cirugía. Sao Paulo, E? V 2da 1986
5 Farreras V Medicina Interna. Editorial Marin Barcelona, 1985, 11:291-297
6. Acuña M., Acosta O La transfusión sanguinea como método terapéutico. Unimetro, 1989;
7 Tarnawer A . Clark D Terapia con componentes sanguíneos. puede salvar la vida o a veces puede ponerla en peligro como evitar las complicaciones. Tribuna Médica, 1990; 81(3): 122-127
8 Meneses C , Escallon J , Sarasti H Transfusión masiva y hemólisis por recalentamiento Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura. Panan y Trauma, 1991, 2: 138143
9 Collins J Problems associated with the massive transfusion of stared bload. Surgery,
IO Almedilla L. Perez J. Jimeno Fernandez, Navia J Transfusión masiva. métodos y complicaciones. Rev Esp. Anesthesion Reanim 1990, 37:216-227
11. RD., Brica SM Blood, Blood components colloids and autotransfusión therapy En: Miller Rd, Editorial Anesthesi. Nueva York, Churchill Livingstone, 1986; 329367
12 Schlichter SJ. Preservation of platelet viability and function during storage of concentrates. En. Grennwalt TJ, Jameson GS. Eds. The blood platelets in transfusion therapy Nueva Alan R Liss, 1978; 83
13. Basket P Manejo del Schok hipovolémico. British Medical Journal, 1990; 300: 14531457
14 Preoperative red blood cell transfusion. JAMA, 1989; 260: 2700-2703.
15 Swisher SN., Petz LD. Transfusion thercpy of chronic anemic states. In: Petz LD, Swisher Sn, Eds. Clinical Practice of Blood transfusion. New York, HY: Churchill Livingstone Inc, 1981; 603-621.
16. Silberstein L., et. al.. Strategies for the Review of Transfusion Practices. JAMA, 1989; 262: 1993-1997.
17. Welch G., Mechan, Kenneth, Gosdnough L.. Prudent Strategies for Elective Red Blood Cell. Annals of Internal Medicine, 1992, 116: 393402.
18. American College of Physicians.. Practice Strategies for Elective Red Blood Cell Transfrnsi0TE Clinical Guideline, 1992, 1 16 403-406
19. Friedman BA, Burns TL, Schork MA An analysis of blood transfusion of surgcal patients by sex. a question for the transfuswn trigger Transfusion, 1980; 20: 179-188.
20. Salem-Schatz SR., Avom Ja, Saumerai SB Influerice Of clinical Knowleage, orgamzationa.l context, and practice style on transfusion decision making. Implications for practice change strategies. JAMA, 1990, 264. 476-483
21. Ellison N., Silversteen L Comentanos sobre tres conferencias sobre concensos en transñisologias. Clínicas de Anestesiología de NorteAmérica, 1990; 3 569-584
22. Tamower R, Clark D Blood component therapy. Postgraduate Medicine, 1989; 86 48-65
23. National Institutes of Health. Transfusion alert indications for the use of red blood cells, platelets, and fresh frozen plasma. Bethesda: Dept of Health and Human semces, 1989
24. Spring (Issued in grañ form by Hatl Blood Resource Education Program Expert Panel). Consensus conference. Perioperative red cell transfusion, JAMA, 1988; 260: 27002703.
25. Erola R., Erola M., Kaukinen L., Kaukinen S. Controlled hipotension and moderate hemodilution in major hip surgery. Ann chir Gynaecol, 1979, 68: 109-113
26. Kajer E., Isley M., Hausen T., Uineberger A. , Miller DT., Owen H., et. al. Automated acute normovolemic hernalilution reduces blood transfusion requirements for spinal fusion. Anesth Analg, 1986', 65: 76
27. Council on Scientific Affairs. Antologaus blood transfision. JAMA, 1986; 256:23782386.
28. Toy PT., Strauss RG., Stehling LC., Sears R., Price TH, Rossi EC., et. al.. Predeposited autologos blood for elective surgery. A National multicenter study. N Engl J Med., 1987; 316: 517-520.
29. Oznen V., McSwain N., et. al.. Autotransfusion of Potentially Culture-Positive Blood (CPB) in abdominal Trauma. Preliminary Data from a Prospective Study. The Jouernal ofTrauma, 1992; 32(1): 36-39.
30. Dale RE., Kipling H, smith MF., a. al Separation of malignant cells during autotransfusion. Br J Surg, 1988: 75: 581.
31. Reddy DJ„ Ryan CJ., Shepard AD., et. al Intraoperative autotransfusion in vascular surgery. Arch Surg. 1990; 125: 1012
32. Sclzman EW, Weinstein MJ., Wientraub RM., Ware JA., Thurer RL , Robertson L., et. al Treatment with desmopressin acetate to reduce blood loss after cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med., 1986, 314: 1402-1406.
33. Hackman T., Gascayne RD , Naiman SC , Growe GH., Burchill LD., et. al. Atrail of desmopression to reduce blood loss in uncomplicated cardiaca surgery. N Engl J Med., 1989; 321: 1437-1443.
34 Bidstrup BP., Royston D , Sapsford RN Taylor KM Reduction in blood loss and blood use after cardiopulmonary bypass with high dose aprotinin (Frasylol). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg., 1989, 97. 364-372
35 Goodnough L., Shuck J.: Riskd, Options, and Informed Consent for Blood TransfuSion in Elective Surgery. The American Journal Of Surgery. 1990; 159: 602-608
36. Keelirig M , Gray L., Brink M., Hillerich V. , Bland K . Intraoperative autotransfusion. Ann Surg„ 1993; 536-540
37, Consensus Conference., Fresh-Frozen Plasma. Indications and Risks JAMA, 1985; 253(4): 551-553
38. Snyder EL., et. al. Blood transfusion therapy: a physician's handbook 2da Arlington, VA: Am Assn of Biood Banks, 1987; 1 1(2): 69-77.
39. NIH Consensus Development Conference Summary. Fresh-Frozen plasma. Indications and risks. Transfusion Med Rev. 1987; 1(3): 201-204
40 Bove JR. Fresh Frozen plasma. too few indications-too much use. Anesth Analg, 1985; 64. 849-850.
41. Platelet transfusion therapy. JAMA, 1987; 257: 1777-1780.
42. Consensous Conference Simon TL.. Platelets: Uses, Abuses and Indications in Contemporary Transfusion Practice. Collins J, McCarty LJ, Eds Arlingtom VA: American Association of Blood Banks; 1985.
43. Simon TL., Becharc F., Murphy W.: Controlled trid of routine administrations of platelet concentrates in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Ann Thorac Surg, 1984, 37 359-364
44. Mannucci PM., Remuzzi G., Peisivery F., et. al.: Deamino-B-D-arginine vasopressin shorten the bleeding time in uremia. N Engl J Med., 1983:308. 8-12.
45. American Medical Association.: Ama Drug Evaluations, Editorial Jhon Wiley. Nueva York, Fourth Edition, 1983; 1080-1098
46. Snyder EL, Clinical use of albumin, plasma protein fraction in isoimmune globulin products. In. Kolins J., Britten AFH, Silvergleid AJ, eds. Plasma Products: Use and Management. Arlington, VA: American Association of Blood Banks, 1982, 87-107
47. Olivares Löpez F., Uribe Cortez JA., Diaz Saldana J, et al. Infecciones Transmitidas por transfusion de sangre. Medicine Social, 1988; Cebrian J.. Riesgo de SIDA en cirugia. PCM, internacional 1992, 1(1): 31-33.
48. Thaler M., Shanuss A. , et. al.: The roll of blood from HLA-Honiozigous donors in fatal Transfusion-Associateal Graft-VersusHost diseases after open-Heart Surgery. The new England Journal of Medicine, 1989; 321(1): 25-28.
49. Pineda A., Brzica S., Taswell H.: Hemolitic Transfusion Reaction. Mayo Clin Proc., 1978; 53: 378-387
2 Rhoads Y . Allen G . Harkins H , Moyer C Principio y Práctica de Cirugía. Editorial PanamencanaMéxico, 1972, 127-131
3 Schartz S Principios de Cirugía. Editorial McGraw México, 1987, 4u edición 86-90
4 Goldenberg S. Bases de Cirugía. Sao Paulo, E? V 2da 1986
5 Farreras V Medicina Interna. Editorial Marin Barcelona, 1985, 11:291-297
6. Acuña M., Acosta O La transfusión sanguinea como método terapéutico. Unimetro, 1989;
7 Tarnawer A . Clark D Terapia con componentes sanguíneos. puede salvar la vida o a veces puede ponerla en peligro como evitar las complicaciones. Tribuna Médica, 1990; 81(3): 122-127
8 Meneses C , Escallon J , Sarasti H Transfusión masiva y hemólisis por recalentamiento Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura. Panan y Trauma, 1991, 2: 138143
9 Collins J Problems associated with the massive transfusion of stared bload. Surgery,
IO Almedilla L. Perez J. Jimeno Fernandez, Navia J Transfusión masiva. métodos y complicaciones. Rev Esp. Anesthesion Reanim 1990, 37:216-227
11. RD., Brica SM Blood, Blood components colloids and autotransfusión therapy En: Miller Rd, Editorial Anesthesi. Nueva York, Churchill Livingstone, 1986; 329367
12 Schlichter SJ. Preservation of platelet viability and function during storage of concentrates. En. Grennwalt TJ, Jameson GS. Eds. The blood platelets in transfusion therapy Nueva Alan R Liss, 1978; 83
13. Basket P Manejo del Schok hipovolémico. British Medical Journal, 1990; 300: 14531457
14 Preoperative red blood cell transfusion. JAMA, 1989; 260: 2700-2703.
15 Swisher SN., Petz LD. Transfusion thercpy of chronic anemic states. In: Petz LD, Swisher Sn, Eds. Clinical Practice of Blood transfusion. New York, HY: Churchill Livingstone Inc, 1981; 603-621.
16. Silberstein L., et. al.. Strategies for the Review of Transfusion Practices. JAMA, 1989; 262: 1993-1997.
17. Welch G., Mechan, Kenneth, Gosdnough L.. Prudent Strategies for Elective Red Blood Cell. Annals of Internal Medicine, 1992, 116: 393402.
18. American College of Physicians.. Practice Strategies for Elective Red Blood Cell Transfrnsi0TE Clinical Guideline, 1992, 1 16 403-406
19. Friedman BA, Burns TL, Schork MA An analysis of blood transfusion of surgcal patients by sex. a question for the transfuswn trigger Transfusion, 1980; 20: 179-188.
20. Salem-Schatz SR., Avom Ja, Saumerai SB Influerice Of clinical Knowleage, orgamzationa.l context, and practice style on transfusion decision making. Implications for practice change strategies. JAMA, 1990, 264. 476-483
21. Ellison N., Silversteen L Comentanos sobre tres conferencias sobre concensos en transñisologias. Clínicas de Anestesiología de NorteAmérica, 1990; 3 569-584
22. Tamower R, Clark D Blood component therapy. Postgraduate Medicine, 1989; 86 48-65
23. National Institutes of Health. Transfusion alert indications for the use of red blood cells, platelets, and fresh frozen plasma. Bethesda: Dept of Health and Human semces, 1989
24. Spring (Issued in grañ form by Hatl Blood Resource Education Program Expert Panel). Consensus conference. Perioperative red cell transfusion, JAMA, 1988; 260: 27002703.
25. Erola R., Erola M., Kaukinen L., Kaukinen S. Controlled hipotension and moderate hemodilution in major hip surgery. Ann chir Gynaecol, 1979, 68: 109-113
26. Kajer E., Isley M., Hausen T., Uineberger A. , Miller DT., Owen H., et. al. Automated acute normovolemic hernalilution reduces blood transfusion requirements for spinal fusion. Anesth Analg, 1986', 65: 76
27. Council on Scientific Affairs. Antologaus blood transfision. JAMA, 1986; 256:23782386.
28. Toy PT., Strauss RG., Stehling LC., Sears R., Price TH, Rossi EC., et. al.. Predeposited autologos blood for elective surgery. A National multicenter study. N Engl J Med., 1987; 316: 517-520.
29. Oznen V., McSwain N., et. al.. Autotransfusion of Potentially Culture-Positive Blood (CPB) in abdominal Trauma. Preliminary Data from a Prospective Study. The Jouernal ofTrauma, 1992; 32(1): 36-39.
30. Dale RE., Kipling H, smith MF., a. al Separation of malignant cells during autotransfusion. Br J Surg, 1988: 75: 581.
31. Reddy DJ„ Ryan CJ., Shepard AD., et. al Intraoperative autotransfusion in vascular surgery. Arch Surg. 1990; 125: 1012
32. Sclzman EW, Weinstein MJ., Wientraub RM., Ware JA., Thurer RL , Robertson L., et. al Treatment with desmopressin acetate to reduce blood loss after cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med., 1986, 314: 1402-1406.
33. Hackman T., Gascayne RD , Naiman SC , Growe GH., Burchill LD., et. al. Atrail of desmopression to reduce blood loss in uncomplicated cardiaca surgery. N Engl J Med., 1989; 321: 1437-1443.
34 Bidstrup BP., Royston D , Sapsford RN Taylor KM Reduction in blood loss and blood use after cardiopulmonary bypass with high dose aprotinin (Frasylol). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg., 1989, 97. 364-372
35 Goodnough L., Shuck J.: Riskd, Options, and Informed Consent for Blood TransfuSion in Elective Surgery. The American Journal Of Surgery. 1990; 159: 602-608
36. Keelirig M , Gray L., Brink M., Hillerich V. , Bland K . Intraoperative autotransfusion. Ann Surg„ 1993; 536-540
37, Consensus Conference., Fresh-Frozen Plasma. Indications and Risks JAMA, 1985; 253(4): 551-553
38. Snyder EL., et. al. Blood transfusion therapy: a physician's handbook 2da Arlington, VA: Am Assn of Biood Banks, 1987; 1 1(2): 69-77.
39. NIH Consensus Development Conference Summary. Fresh-Frozen plasma. Indications and risks. Transfusion Med Rev. 1987; 1(3): 201-204
40 Bove JR. Fresh Frozen plasma. too few indications-too much use. Anesth Analg, 1985; 64. 849-850.
41. Platelet transfusion therapy. JAMA, 1987; 257: 1777-1780.
42. Consensous Conference Simon TL.. Platelets: Uses, Abuses and Indications in Contemporary Transfusion Practice. Collins J, McCarty LJ, Eds Arlingtom VA: American Association of Blood Banks; 1985.
43. Simon TL., Becharc F., Murphy W.: Controlled trid of routine administrations of platelet concentrates in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Ann Thorac Surg, 1984, 37 359-364
44. Mannucci PM., Remuzzi G., Peisivery F., et. al.: Deamino-B-D-arginine vasopressin shorten the bleeding time in uremia. N Engl J Med., 1983:308. 8-12.
45. American Medical Association.: Ama Drug Evaluations, Editorial Jhon Wiley. Nueva York, Fourth Edition, 1983; 1080-1098
46. Snyder EL, Clinical use of albumin, plasma protein fraction in isoimmune globulin products. In. Kolins J., Britten AFH, Silvergleid AJ, eds. Plasma Products: Use and Management. Arlington, VA: American Association of Blood Banks, 1982, 87-107
47. Olivares Löpez F., Uribe Cortez JA., Diaz Saldana J, et al. Infecciones Transmitidas por transfusion de sangre. Medicine Social, 1988; Cebrian J.. Riesgo de SIDA en cirugia. PCM, internacional 1992, 1(1): 31-33.
48. Thaler M., Shanuss A. , et. al.: The roll of blood from HLA-Honiozigous donors in fatal Transfusion-Associateal Graft-VersusHost diseases after open-Heart Surgery. The new England Journal of Medicine, 1989; 321(1): 25-28.
49. Pineda A., Brzica S., Taswell H.: Hemolitic Transfusion Reaction. Mayo Clin Proc., 1978; 53: 378-387
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2017-06-24
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1.
Guadalupe R, Vallejo A, Pareja M, Bejarano H, Muñoz D, Vallejo S, Quezada J. Terapia transfusional en el paciente quirúrgico. Rev Fac Cien Med (Quito) [Internet]. 24 de junio de 2017 [citado 25 de abril de 2024];20(3-4):68-74. Disponible en: https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/CIENCIAS_MEDICAS/article/view/826
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