Recomendaciones para prevención y control de infecciones por SARS-CoV-2 en odontología

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29166/odontologia.vol22.n2.2020-5-32

Palabras clave:

Betacoronavirus, infecciones por coronavirus, prevención primaria, personal de odontología, epidemiología

Resumen

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la nueva pandemia de neumonía por coronavirus COVID-19 o SARS-CoV-2, en un corto período de tiempo, se ha extendido a todas las regiones del mundo donde el número de casos confirmados y muertes sigue aumentando. Junto con el coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo (SARS) y el coronavirus del Síndrome Respiratorio del Medio Oriente (MERS), este es el tercer coronavirus humano altamente patógeno que ha surgido en las últimas dos décadas. Frente a esta emergencia de Salud Pública, se ha intentado controlar la propagación global, sin embargo, en la gran mayoría de países se ha visto desbordada la capacidad de sus sistemas de salud. Se ha observado que medidas adecuadas pueden reducir el riesgo de infección y prevenir efectivamente la propagación de la epidemia. En odontología, debido a la naturaleza especial de sus procedimientos, el riesgo de infección cruzada es alto y las medidas estrictas de prevención y control son importantes, particularmente por la posible atención a pacientes asintomáticos capaces de transmitir el virus. Ante la urgente necesidad de establecer protocolos de control de infecciones estrictos y efectivos, se realizó una revisión de la evidencia científica para analizar las características epidemiológicas e infecciosas de SARS-CoV-2 y recomendar medidas de prevención y control en relación a los profesionales y estudiantes de la odontología a fin de bloquear las rutas de transmisión de persona a persona en clínicas y hospitales dentales.

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Biografía del autor/a

Sandra Suárez Salgado

Especialista en Periodoncia. Profesor de pre grado/posgrado. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.

Roberto Campuzano

Especialista en Periodoncia. Profesor de pre grado/posgrado. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.

Marina Dona Vidale

Especialista en Periodoncia. Profesor de pre grado/posgrado. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.

Eduardo Garrido Cisneros

PhD, especialista en Periodoncia y en Implantología. Profesor de pre grado/posgrado. Facultad de Odontología. Universidad central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.

Thaís Gimenez Miniello

Stomatology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

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Publicado

2020-04-08

Cómo citar

Suárez Salgado, S., Campuzano, R., Dona Vidale, M., Garrido Cisneros, E., & Gimenez Miniello, T. (2020). Recomendaciones para prevención y control de infecciones por SARS-CoV-2 en odontología. Odontología, 22(2), 5–32. https://doi.org/10.29166/odontologia.vol22.n2.2020-5-32

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