JUSTICIA DE TRANSICIÓN CORPORATIVA
la nueva generación de estudios transicionales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29166/dpc.v3i3.3338Palabras clave:
Justicia de Transición Corporativa, complicidad corporativa, acciones neutrales, obligación moral de la empresa, prácticas restaurativas, responsabilidad penal de la persona jurídicaResumen
Impresiona la afinidad entre los recientes escándalos corporativos y la red empresarial que sirvió de soporte al régimen autoritario en Brasil. Muchas de las corporaciones involucradas en las recientes operaciones de enforcement ocuparon posiciones centrales en la financiación del autoritarismo en Brasil y siguen a la vanguardia de estructuras estratégicas del mercado nacional. Por consiguiente, se convive con un vacío moral con relación a la ascensión de dinámicas autoritarias, difundiendo en el mercado la retórica del compromiso por la integridad siendo indiferentes del compromiso democrático. La idea de este ensayo es explorar la referencia teórica explicativa sobre lo que podría ser la Justicia de Transición Corporativa – JTC – como nueva categoría analítica en las ciencias criminales, a partir de las que se discuten las posibilidades de atribución de responsabilidad moral y jurídica por la complicidad corporativa, perfeccionando sobre las modalidades sancionatorias y alternativas de restauración y reconstrucción social postconflicto. El texto se divide en nueve tópicos: 1) las generaciones de los estudios transicionales; 2) autoritarismo y redes empresariales; 3) perspectivas histórica y comparada; 4) corporate accountability y su influencia en la concepción de la complicidad y de la responsabilidad jurídica; 5) contribución, causalidad, acciones neutrales; 6) modalidades sancionatorias; 7) obligación moral del sector privado; 8) prácticas restaurativas de configuración transicional y 9) nuevas posibilidades para la victimología corporativa. Se combinan la perspectiva histórica y comparada y convergencias entre estudios criminológicos, transicionales y de justicia restaurativa.
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