Endotelinas fisiología y fisiopatología; posible rol en la Preeclampsia
Abstract
En la presénte revisión se' aborda el rol fisiológico y fisiopatológico de las Endotelinas (ET'), péptidos producidos por el éndotelio vascular, que poseen el efecto vasoconstrictor más potente conocido en la actualidad y acción tnitógena en algunas lineas celulares, la amplia distribución de receptores para ET en el organismo (corazón, aorta, riñón, cerebro, músculo liso, placenta, cordón umbilical) sugiere que las ET juegan un importante rol fisiológico y fisiopatológico. Se detalla la posible acción en la regulación del tono vascular y las posibilidades terapéuticas de sustancias induetoras o antagonistas de las ET. Se describe la posible acción en la regulación de la presión arterial, en lá producción de infarto del miocardio y shock, en la insuficiencia renal crónica, en él mecanismo de erección del pene, y el posible rol fundamental en la etiología de la preecltimpsia, qué resultaría del disbalance entre sustancias vasodilatadoras y vasoconstrictoras.
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References
1. Anggard, E.ív; Hotling, R..ML; Vane, J.R .: Éndothlins. lilood Vesseís, 27: 269, 1990.
2. Lee, M.E., Rlodi, K.l)., Clifford, J.A., Qucrlerrnoiis,'I'.: Fiincfional anaíysis of the endo-.(hclin—í. gene promotor. Évidcncc for an endothclial ccll spcctfic da-ácling scquence, / liiol Chom, 265: 10116, Í990.
3. Gronc, HJ., Lañe, A., I ndis, I1).: Localiza tion and quanlification of ( L25Í)-endothelm binding sitos in human fetal and adult kidncys— relevanoe to renal oritogeny and palliophisiology. Klin Wochenuchr, 68: 750, 1990.
4. Kusuhara ¡VI; Yamaguchí K; Nagasaki K; Háyashi (¡; Suzaki A; líorí S; llanda S.; Nakaniura, Y.;-Ábe, K. Produclioh of endothelin ih human cáncer eell lines. Cnncér—Res; 190 ju n l; 5 0 ( .l l ) ; p. 3257-61.
5. Sawarnura, T.; Shinmi, 0 .; Kishi, N.; Sugita, Y.; Yanagisawa, M.; Goto, K.; Masaki, T.; Kiiniira, S. Analysis of big endothelin-1 digestión by
cállíepsin I). Bichem-Biophys—Res~Cómtnun; 1990. OH,30; 1 72(2); p. 8 8 3 -9 .
6. Lcss W.E.; Kalinkfl, S.; Mecch, j . ; Capper, S .j.; Cook, N.D.; Kay, J, Generation of human endotbtílin by cathcpsin 15. FEBS—Létt; 1990 Ont 29; 273(1 2); p 99-102.
7. Wu-Wong JR ; Itml/ik GP; Deviune EM; Opgenorth TJ. Charactcrization of cndothelin in convcrling cn/iinf in rat lung. Biochétn—fíiophys- Res coittmun; 1990 Sep 28; 171 (3); p. 1291 6.
8. Ohnáka K; Takayanabgi K; Yainauchi, T .; Okazaki, II.; Obasbi, M.; IImoda, F.; Nawata, H. ldentifcation and eharacterization of andothelin convrrling activity in cu I tu red bovine endothelial cells, Bivchem—Biphys Res- Commun; 1990 May 16; 168 (3); p. 1128-36.
9. Lam, II.C.; Takahasi, K.; Ghatei, M.A.; Bloom, S.K. Prcsencc of Innifmorcactive cndotelin in human milk. FEBS h'tt; 1990, Feb 12; 261 (1 >; p. 18 4 -6 .
10. Sunncrgrcn, K.P.; Word, R. A.; Santbrook, J .F .; Macdonald, P.C.; Casey, M.L Expression and regulation of cndothelin precursor mRNA in avascular amnion. MoU('cllEntiocrinol\ 1990 jan 2 ;6 8 ( l )p . R 7—14.
11. Nakamura, T.; Kasai, K.; E m o lo ,B a n b a , IN.; Ishikawa, M.; Shitnoda, S. Ininiunoreactive endothclin concentrations in maternal and fetal blood. lAfe- Sci, 1990, 46 (15); p. 1045-50.
12. Holmquist, F,; Andcrsson, K.E.; llcldlimd, II.; Acción of endothelin on isolatcd corpus cavernosum froin rabbit and man. Acta — Physio -Seaní 1990, May; 139 ( 1 ); p. 113-22.
13. Yamaji, T.; Johshíta, II.; Ishibashi, M; Takaju, F,; Ohono, H.; Suzuki, N.; Ma Istmio lo, H.; Fujino, M, Endothelin family in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluie. JiClin Endocrino¡ Metab; 1990, Dec.; 71 (6); p. 1611-5.
14. Kraus, G.E.; Bucholz, R.D.; Yoon, K.W.; Knuepfer, M.M.; Smith, ,)r, Cerebrospinal fluid and éndothelin-3 levels in normal and neurosurgical patients: a clinical stady and literature review. Surg-Neurol.; 1991, Jan; 35'(1) p. 20-9.
15. Zamora, M.R.; O’brieri, R.F.; Ruthcrford, R. B,; Weil, J.V.; Serum endothelin-1, concehtrations and coid provocation in primary R aynaud’s pheiiomenon. Lancet; 1990, Nov. 10; 3 36(8724); p. 1144-7.
16. Maggi, C.A.; Ghiliani, S.; Patacchini, R.; Barbanti, G.; Turini, D.; Meli, E. Contractile responses of the human urinary bladder, renal pelvis and renal artery to endothelins and sarafotoxin, S6b.
17. de Aguilera, E.M.; Irurzun, A.; Vila, J.M.; AldíÉoró» M.; Galeote, M.S.; Lhichn, S. Role of endothelium and calchim channels in endothelinm- induced contraction of human cerebral arteries. Br-J-Pharmacol; 1990, Mar; 99 (3); p. 439-40.
18. Ohnishi-Sizaki, A.; Yamaguchi, K;Kusuhara, M; Adachi, 1; Alie, K,; Kimura, S. Compariaon of biological activities of endothelin-1, -2 and *3» in murihe and human fibroblast cell linea. Biochem- Biophys-Res-Commun; 1990, Jan, 30; 166 (2 ); p. 608-14.
19. Yamida, K.; Goto, A; Huí, C.; Sugknoto, T. Endogenous digitalidlke factor as a.stimulator of enddthélin secretion from endothelial cells. Biochem Biophyt Re» Commun; 1990 Qct 15; 1 7 2 (1 ); 178-83.
20.Maruyama, 1. Synthetic anticuagulant. Rinsho- Ketsueki; 1990, Jun; 31 (6 ); p. 776-81.
21. Kokno, M; Yasunari, K; Yokokawa; Horio, T; Kanayaina, Y.; Fu sisa wa, M; Inouc, T.; Takeda, T. Thrombin stimulates the production of immunoreactive endothelin-1 in cultured human umeilieal vein edothelial celias. Metabolism; 1190 Octy; 39 (1 0 ; p. 1003*5.
22. Yoshi/.uini, M.; Jurihara, H.; Morita, T.;Yamashita. T.; Oh-hashi, Y; Sugiyama, T.; Takaku, F.; Yanagisawa, M; Masaki, T.; Yazaki, Y. Interleukin 1 increases the production of endothelin-1 by cultured endothelial cells. Biochem-Biophys-Res-Communf 1 992, Jan 15f 166 (1); p. 234-9.
23. Resink, T J .; Scott-Burden, T.; Weber, É.; Buhler, F.R.; Phorbol ester promotes a sustained down-regulations of endothelin receptors átidí cellular responses to endothelin in Human vascular amooth músete cells. Biochem- Biophyt‘Re»~Commún;199()t Feh. 14; 166(3),p. 1213-9.
24. Luscher, T.F. Imbalance of endothelium-derived relaxing and contraciing factors. A new concept in hypertension?. Am / Hypertena,
Í 1 9 0 ,3 ( 4 ) ,p . 317-3.0.
25. Suzuki, N.; Mataumuto, H.; Miyauchi, T.; et aí. Endothclin-3, cohcentrations in human. plasma: the increased concentrations iti patients under going háemodialysis. Biochem Biophyt Re» Common. 1990, 169 (2), p. 809-15.
26. Grone, H.J.; Larie, A. and Fuchs, E, Localizaíion and adult kidncys-relevance to renal ontogeny and pathophysiology. K.lin-W ochensehr, 1990, 68 (15), p. 758-67.
27. Lovernberg, W.; Miller, R.C. Endothelin: an review of its effeets and possible mechanisms of action. Neurochem-Res; 1990, Apr; 15 (4), p. 4 0 7 - 17.
28. Rosati, C.; Jeanclos, E.; Cavaljer, S.; Chabrier, P.E.; Hannaert, P.; JJraquet, P,; (Jaray, R. Stimuíatory action o f endotheliji-l on Membrana Na* transport in vascular smooth rnuecle cells in culture, Am-J-Hypertens; 1990, Sep;3 (9); p. 711-3.
29. Resink, T.J.; Scott-Burdcíi. T.; Buhler, F.R. Activation of múltiple isio®nal trasduction, pathways by endothelin m cultured human, vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Biochem; 1190, Apr. 30; 189 (2); p. 415-21.
30. Takayanagi, R.; Hashiguchi, T.; Ohashi, M.; Nawata, 11. Regional, distribution of endothelin receptor in porcine cardiovascular tissues. Regut Pept\ 1990, Feb. 4; 27 (2); p. 247-55.
31. Luscher, T.F.; Richard, V.; Tschudi, M.; Yang, Z.H.; Houlanger, C. Endothelial control of vascular tone in large and snriall coronary arteries. / Am Coll Cardiot; 1990, Mar; 15 (3); p. 519-27.
32. Suzuki, N.; Matsumoto, II.; Kitada, C.; Kimura, Miyauchi, T. ; Fujino, M.A. sandwich-type enzyme immunoassay to detect immunoreactive blo endothelin 1 in plasma. / Immunol Methodg; 1990, Mar 9; 127 (2) p, 165-70.
33. Nuftez, D.jL; Brown, M.J.; Davenport, A.P.; Neylon, C.B.; Sehófíeld, J.P.; Wyse, R.K.; Endothelin 1 mRNA is wedely expressed in porcine and human tissues. / Clin Invesi; 1990 May; 85 *5 ); p. 1537-41.
34. Resink, T.jf.; Hahn, A.W.; Scott-Burden, t.; Powell, J .; Weber, E; Buhler, F.R. Inducible endothelin mRNS expression and peptide secretion in cultured human vascular smooth musclecelia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 1990, May 16; 168 (3); p* 1303 - 10.
35. Bath, P.M.; Mayston, S.A.; Martin, J.F. Endothelin and PDGF do not stimulate perípheral blood monoCyie chenotaxit,adhesión to endothelium, and superoxide production.
35. Bath, P¿M,; Mayston, S.A.; Martin, J.F . Endothelin ánd PDGF do not stimulate periphéra! blood monocyte chenotaxis,adhesión to endóthelium, and superoxide production. Exp Cell Res; 1990, Apr; 187 (2); p. 339-42.
36. Luscher, T.F. Imbalance of endothelium-derived relaxing and contractiong factors. A new concept in hy per tensión?, Am J Hypertens;1190, Apr; 3 (4 ); p. 17-30.
37. Luscher, T.F.; Endothelium-derived vasóaclive factors and régulatióh of vascular tone in human blood vessels. Lung; 1990; 168 Supple; p. 27 - 34.
38. Luscher, T.F.; Yang, 2.; von Segesser, L.; Stulz* P.; Boulanger, C.; Siebenman, R.; Turina, M.; Buhler, F.R. Interaction between endothelin- 1 and endothelium-derived relazing factor in human arteries and veins. Circ-Res; 1990, Apr; p. 1088-94.
39. Vierhapper, H.; Wagner, O.; Nowotny, P.; Waldhausl, W. Effecto of endothelin-1 in man. Circulation; 1990, Apr; 81 (4 );p . 1415-8.
40. Shichiri, M,; Hirata, Y.; Ando, K.; Emori, í . ; Ohta* K.; Kimotó, S»; Ogura, M.; Inoue, Á.; Marumo, F. Plasma endothelin levels in hy pertensión and chronic renal failure. Hyppertension; 1990, Mayo; 15 (5); p. 493-6.
41. Kohono, M; Yasunari, L.; Murakawa, K.; Yokokawa, K.; Horio, T.; Fukui, T.; Takeda, Y. Plasma inmunoreactive endothelin in esential hypertension. Am J Med; 1990, Jun; 88 (6), p. 614-8.
42. Takahasi, H.; Nishimura, M.; Yoshiinura, M. Pathophysiology and taboratory cxaminations óf easential hypertf.nsion a review of re cent tapies. Rinsho-Myori; 1990, Mayo; 38 *5 ); p. 563-7.
43. Yasuda, M; Koliono, M.; Tallara, A.; Toda í; Ákioka, K.; Tcragaki, M.; Oku, H.; Takeuchi, K.; Takeda, T. Circulating immunoreactive endothclin in iscvliernic heart disease. Am Heart J; 1990; Apr; p. 001-6.
44.Warrens, A.N.; Cassidy, M.J.; Takaliashi, K.; Gathei, M.A.; Illoorn, S.R. Endothelin in renal failure. N«|>lirol-l)ial-Trasplant; 1990; 5 (6 );p. 418-22.
45. Suzuki, N.; Matsumoto, II.; Goto, K.; Masaki, T.; Tsuda, M.; Fujino, M. Kndothelin-3 eoneentrations in human plasma; the increased conccntrations in paticnts undergoing liaemodyalisis. Bichem liiophys Res Commun; 1990, Jun 15; 1 6 9 (2 ); p. 809-15.
46. Ziiang, W.; Sakai, N.; Yainada, II.; Nozawa, Y. lündótliclin-1 induces intracclular calcium rise and mósitol I, 4, 5 trisphogpliate fotrnation in cultured rat and human gliotna cclls. Nwurisci- Lett; 1990, May 4; 112 (2-3); p. 199-204.
47. Sliiberio, T.; Mima, T. A ncw vasocontrictor peptide, endolhelin: profilcs as vafioconstrictor and nwuropeptidé. Cerehrovatc-lhuin-Metab ¡lev; 1990, Fall; 2 (3 ); p. 227-39.
48. Ilirata, Y.; Matsiinaga, T.; Ando, K.; Fumkawa, i.; Tsukagoshi, 11.; Marumo, F. Presente of endotheliu-1-like iinniunorractivity in limitan cerebrospinal fluid. Uinchem-l)wphyt-Re» Commun; 1990 Fec 14; p. 1274-8.
2. Lee, M.E., Rlodi, K.l)., Clifford, J.A., Qucrlerrnoiis,'I'.: Fiincfional anaíysis of the endo-.(hclin—í. gene promotor. Évidcncc for an endothclial ccll spcctfic da-ácling scquence, / liiol Chom, 265: 10116, Í990.
3. Gronc, HJ., Lañe, A., I ndis, I1).: Localiza tion and quanlification of ( L25Í)-endothelm binding sitos in human fetal and adult kidncys— relevanoe to renal oritogeny and palliophisiology. Klin Wochenuchr, 68: 750, 1990.
4. Kusuhara ¡VI; Yamaguchí K; Nagasaki K; Háyashi (¡; Suzaki A; líorí S; llanda S.; Nakaniura, Y.;-Ábe, K. Produclioh of endothelin ih human cáncer eell lines. Cnncér—Res; 190 ju n l; 5 0 ( .l l ) ; p. 3257-61.
5. Sawarnura, T.; Shinmi, 0 .; Kishi, N.; Sugita, Y.; Yanagisawa, M.; Goto, K.; Masaki, T.; Kiiniira, S. Analysis of big endothelin-1 digestión by
cállíepsin I). Bichem-Biophys—Res~Cómtnun; 1990. OH,30; 1 72(2); p. 8 8 3 -9 .
6. Lcss W.E.; Kalinkfl, S.; Mecch, j . ; Capper, S .j.; Cook, N.D.; Kay, J, Generation of human endotbtílin by cathcpsin 15. FEBS—Létt; 1990 Ont 29; 273(1 2); p 99-102.
7. Wu-Wong JR ; Itml/ik GP; Deviune EM; Opgenorth TJ. Charactcrization of cndothelin in convcrling cn/iinf in rat lung. Biochétn—fíiophys- Res coittmun; 1990 Sep 28; 171 (3); p. 1291 6.
8. Ohnáka K; Takayanabgi K; Yainauchi, T .; Okazaki, II.; Obasbi, M.; IImoda, F.; Nawata, H. ldentifcation and eharacterization of andothelin convrrling activity in cu I tu red bovine endothelial cells, Bivchem—Biphys Res- Commun; 1990 May 16; 168 (3); p. 1128-36.
9. Lam, II.C.; Takahasi, K.; Ghatei, M.A.; Bloom, S.K. Prcsencc of Innifmorcactive cndotelin in human milk. FEBS h'tt; 1990, Feb 12; 261 (1 >; p. 18 4 -6 .
10. Sunncrgrcn, K.P.; Word, R. A.; Santbrook, J .F .; Macdonald, P.C.; Casey, M.L Expression and regulation of cndothelin precursor mRNA in avascular amnion. MoU('cllEntiocrinol\ 1990 jan 2 ;6 8 ( l )p . R 7—14.
11. Nakamura, T.; Kasai, K.; E m o lo ,B a n b a , IN.; Ishikawa, M.; Shitnoda, S. Ininiunoreactive endothclin concentrations in maternal and fetal blood. lAfe- Sci, 1990, 46 (15); p. 1045-50.
12. Holmquist, F,; Andcrsson, K.E.; llcldlimd, II.; Acción of endothelin on isolatcd corpus cavernosum froin rabbit and man. Acta — Physio -Seaní 1990, May; 139 ( 1 ); p. 113-22.
13. Yamaji, T.; Johshíta, II.; Ishibashi, M; Takaju, F,; Ohono, H.; Suzuki, N.; Ma Istmio lo, H.; Fujino, M, Endothelin family in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluie. JiClin Endocrino¡ Metab; 1990, Dec.; 71 (6); p. 1611-5.
14. Kraus, G.E.; Bucholz, R.D.; Yoon, K.W.; Knuepfer, M.M.; Smith, ,)r, Cerebrospinal fluid and éndothelin-3 levels in normal and neurosurgical patients: a clinical stady and literature review. Surg-Neurol.; 1991, Jan; 35'(1) p. 20-9.
15. Zamora, M.R.; O’brieri, R.F.; Ruthcrford, R. B,; Weil, J.V.; Serum endothelin-1, concehtrations and coid provocation in primary R aynaud’s pheiiomenon. Lancet; 1990, Nov. 10; 3 36(8724); p. 1144-7.
16. Maggi, C.A.; Ghiliani, S.; Patacchini, R.; Barbanti, G.; Turini, D.; Meli, E. Contractile responses of the human urinary bladder, renal pelvis and renal artery to endothelins and sarafotoxin, S6b.
17. de Aguilera, E.M.; Irurzun, A.; Vila, J.M.; AldíÉoró» M.; Galeote, M.S.; Lhichn, S. Role of endothelium and calchim channels in endothelinm- induced contraction of human cerebral arteries. Br-J-Pharmacol; 1990, Mar; 99 (3); p. 439-40.
18. Ohnishi-Sizaki, A.; Yamaguchi, K;Kusuhara, M; Adachi, 1; Alie, K,; Kimura, S. Compariaon of biological activities of endothelin-1, -2 and *3» in murihe and human fibroblast cell linea. Biochem- Biophys-Res-Commun; 1990, Jan, 30; 166 (2 ); p. 608-14.
19. Yamida, K.; Goto, A; Huí, C.; Sugknoto, T. Endogenous digitalidlke factor as a.stimulator of enddthélin secretion from endothelial cells. Biochem Biophyt Re» Commun; 1990 Qct 15; 1 7 2 (1 ); 178-83.
20.Maruyama, 1. Synthetic anticuagulant. Rinsho- Ketsueki; 1990, Jun; 31 (6 ); p. 776-81.
21. Kokno, M; Yasunari, K; Yokokawa; Horio, T; Kanayaina, Y.; Fu sisa wa, M; Inouc, T.; Takeda, T. Thrombin stimulates the production of immunoreactive endothelin-1 in cultured human umeilieal vein edothelial celias. Metabolism; 1190 Octy; 39 (1 0 ; p. 1003*5.
22. Yoshi/.uini, M.; Jurihara, H.; Morita, T.;Yamashita. T.; Oh-hashi, Y; Sugiyama, T.; Takaku, F.; Yanagisawa, M; Masaki, T.; Yazaki, Y. Interleukin 1 increases the production of endothelin-1 by cultured endothelial cells. Biochem-Biophys-Res-Communf 1 992, Jan 15f 166 (1); p. 234-9.
23. Resink, T J .; Scott-Burden, T.; Weber, É.; Buhler, F.R.; Phorbol ester promotes a sustained down-regulations of endothelin receptors átidí cellular responses to endothelin in Human vascular amooth músete cells. Biochem- Biophyt‘Re»~Commún;199()t Feh. 14; 166(3),p. 1213-9.
24. Luscher, T.F. Imbalance of endothelium-derived relaxing and contraciing factors. A new concept in hypertension?. Am / Hypertena,
Í 1 9 0 ,3 ( 4 ) ,p . 317-3.0.
25. Suzuki, N.; Mataumuto, H.; Miyauchi, T.; et aí. Endothclin-3, cohcentrations in human. plasma: the increased concentrations iti patients under going háemodialysis. Biochem Biophyt Re» Common. 1990, 169 (2), p. 809-15.
26. Grone, H.J.; Larie, A. and Fuchs, E, Localizaíion and adult kidncys-relevance to renal ontogeny and pathophysiology. K.lin-W ochensehr, 1990, 68 (15), p. 758-67.
27. Lovernberg, W.; Miller, R.C. Endothelin: an review of its effeets and possible mechanisms of action. Neurochem-Res; 1990, Apr; 15 (4), p. 4 0 7 - 17.
28. Rosati, C.; Jeanclos, E.; Cavaljer, S.; Chabrier, P.E.; Hannaert, P.; JJraquet, P,; (Jaray, R. Stimuíatory action o f endotheliji-l on Membrana Na* transport in vascular smooth rnuecle cells in culture, Am-J-Hypertens; 1990, Sep;3 (9); p. 711-3.
29. Resink, T.J.; Scott-Burdcíi. T.; Buhler, F.R. Activation of múltiple isio®nal trasduction, pathways by endothelin m cultured human, vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Biochem; 1190, Apr. 30; 189 (2); p. 415-21.
30. Takayanagi, R.; Hashiguchi, T.; Ohashi, M.; Nawata, 11. Regional, distribution of endothelin receptor in porcine cardiovascular tissues. Regut Pept\ 1990, Feb. 4; 27 (2); p. 247-55.
31. Luscher, T.F.; Richard, V.; Tschudi, M.; Yang, Z.H.; Houlanger, C. Endothelial control of vascular tone in large and snriall coronary arteries. / Am Coll Cardiot; 1990, Mar; 15 (3); p. 519-27.
32. Suzuki, N.; Matsumoto, II.; Kitada, C.; Kimura, Miyauchi, T. ; Fujino, M.A. sandwich-type enzyme immunoassay to detect immunoreactive blo endothelin 1 in plasma. / Immunol Methodg; 1990, Mar 9; 127 (2) p, 165-70.
33. Nuftez, D.jL; Brown, M.J.; Davenport, A.P.; Neylon, C.B.; Sehófíeld, J.P.; Wyse, R.K.; Endothelin 1 mRNA is wedely expressed in porcine and human tissues. / Clin Invesi; 1990 May; 85 *5 ); p. 1537-41.
34. Resink, T.jf.; Hahn, A.W.; Scott-Burden, t.; Powell, J .; Weber, E; Buhler, F.R. Inducible endothelin mRNS expression and peptide secretion in cultured human vascular smooth musclecelia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 1990, May 16; 168 (3); p* 1303 - 10.
35. Bath, P.M.; Mayston, S.A.; Martin, J.F. Endothelin and PDGF do not stimulate perípheral blood monoCyie chenotaxit,adhesión to endothelium, and superoxide production.
35. Bath, P¿M,; Mayston, S.A.; Martin, J.F . Endothelin ánd PDGF do not stimulate periphéra! blood monocyte chenotaxis,adhesión to endóthelium, and superoxide production. Exp Cell Res; 1990, Apr; 187 (2); p. 339-42.
36. Luscher, T.F. Imbalance of endothelium-derived relaxing and contractiong factors. A new concept in hy per tensión?, Am J Hypertens;1190, Apr; 3 (4 ); p. 17-30.
37. Luscher, T.F.; Endothelium-derived vasóaclive factors and régulatióh of vascular tone in human blood vessels. Lung; 1990; 168 Supple; p. 27 - 34.
38. Luscher, T.F.; Yang, 2.; von Segesser, L.; Stulz* P.; Boulanger, C.; Siebenman, R.; Turina, M.; Buhler, F.R. Interaction between endothelin- 1 and endothelium-derived relazing factor in human arteries and veins. Circ-Res; 1990, Apr; p. 1088-94.
39. Vierhapper, H.; Wagner, O.; Nowotny, P.; Waldhausl, W. Effecto of endothelin-1 in man. Circulation; 1990, Apr; 81 (4 );p . 1415-8.
40. Shichiri, M,; Hirata, Y.; Ando, K.; Emori, í . ; Ohta* K.; Kimotó, S»; Ogura, M.; Inoue, Á.; Marumo, F. Plasma endothelin levels in hy pertensión and chronic renal failure. Hyppertension; 1990, Mayo; 15 (5); p. 493-6.
41. Kohono, M; Yasunari, L.; Murakawa, K.; Yokokawa, K.; Horio, T.; Fukui, T.; Takeda, Y. Plasma inmunoreactive endothelin in esential hypertension. Am J Med; 1990, Jun; 88 (6), p. 614-8.
42. Takahasi, H.; Nishimura, M.; Yoshiinura, M. Pathophysiology and taboratory cxaminations óf easential hypertf.nsion a review of re cent tapies. Rinsho-Myori; 1990, Mayo; 38 *5 ); p. 563-7.
43. Yasuda, M; Koliono, M.; Tallara, A.; Toda í; Ákioka, K.; Tcragaki, M.; Oku, H.; Takeuchi, K.; Takeda, T. Circulating immunoreactive endothclin in iscvliernic heart disease. Am Heart J; 1990; Apr; p. 001-6.
44.Warrens, A.N.; Cassidy, M.J.; Takaliashi, K.; Gathei, M.A.; Illoorn, S.R. Endothelin in renal failure. N«|>lirol-l)ial-Trasplant; 1990; 5 (6 );p. 418-22.
45. Suzuki, N.; Matsumoto, II.; Goto, K.; Masaki, T.; Tsuda, M.; Fujino, M. Kndothelin-3 eoneentrations in human plasma; the increased conccntrations in paticnts undergoing liaemodyalisis. Bichem liiophys Res Commun; 1990, Jun 15; 1 6 9 (2 ); p. 809-15.
46. Ziiang, W.; Sakai, N.; Yainada, II.; Nozawa, Y. lündótliclin-1 induces intracclular calcium rise and mósitol I, 4, 5 trisphogpliate fotrnation in cultured rat and human gliotna cclls. Nwurisci- Lett; 1990, May 4; 112 (2-3); p. 199-204.
47. Sliiberio, T.; Mima, T. A ncw vasocontrictor peptide, endolhelin: profilcs as vafioconstrictor and nwuropeptidé. Cerehrovatc-lhuin-Metab ¡lev; 1990, Fall; 2 (3 ); p. 227-39.
48. Ilirata, Y.; Matsiinaga, T.; Ando, K.; Fumkawa, i.; Tsukagoshi, 11.; Marumo, F. Presente of endotheliu-1-like iinniunorractivity in limitan cerebrospinal fluid. Uinchem-l)wphyt-Re» Commun; 1990 Fec 14; p. 1274-8.
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Delgado Del Hierro F. Endotelinas fisiología y fisiopatología; posible rol en la Preeclampsia. Rev Fac Cien Med (Quito) [Internet]. 2017 Jun. 16 [cited 2024 Dec. 19];16(1-2):9-16. Available from: https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/CIENCIAS_MEDICAS/article/view/691
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Section
ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES
