Utility of GeneXpert MTB/RIF in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Compared to Sputum Smear Microscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29166/rfcmq.v49i2.6638Keywords:
tuberculosis., mycobacterium tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, molecular biology, molecular diagnostic techniquesAbstract
Introduction: Implementing an appropriate and efficient diagnostic method is crucial for the early detection of tuberculosis. This not only allows for effective control
of the disease to prevent its transmission and progression to more severe stages
but also prevents the development of drug resistance in patients.
Objective: To evaluate the utility of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF molecular test in diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, compared to sputum smear microscopy, using culture as the reference.
Material and Methods: A descriptive, observational, and non-experimental
cross-sectional study was conducted, including 253 samples from patients of both
sexes and various age ranges, which were assessed using sputum smear microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and culture. The study focused on samples processed
at a Quito´s Public Hospital during the period from January 2021 to May 2022.
Results: The GeneXpert MTB/RIF molecular test showed a sensitivity of 94.7%
and a specificity of 93.9% for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Additionally, a case of resistance to rifampicin was identified.
Conclusion: This study confirms the effectiveness of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF molecular test over sputum smear microscopy for the timely diagnosis of tuberculosis.
However, it is essential to consider the diverse conditions of the samples and patients to optimize diagnostic accuracy.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Jessica Carolina Chanataxi Lugmania, Danny Asimbaya Alvarado
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