Cáncer de esófago: tratamiento quirúrgico esofaguectomía transmediastinal o toracotomía
Resumen
El cáncer de esófago e.s una de las patologías difíciles de tratar, básicamente por razones que involucran tardanza en el diagnóstico debido a que cuando el paciente presenta los síntomas iniciales como disfagia, el cáncer se encuentra ya en un estadio avanzado, frente a lo cual las alternativas de tratamiento quirúrgico en la gran mayoría son de carácter paliativo, y deben ser analizadas correctamente, guiadas a obtener un adecuado tránsito digestivo para de esta manera ayudar a que los pacientes con esta enfennedad tengan una vida digna y puedan llegar hasta sus últimos días, con la satisfacción de cumplir con una de las funciones básicas del ser humano que es el poder comer.
Citas
1. ACH, A.: Beitrage Zur Pesophaguschirurgie. Verh. Dtsh. Ges. Chir., 42:260-9, 1913.
2. Adelstein, D.J.; Forman, W.B. & Beavers, B,: Esophageal carcinoma: A six year review of the Cleveland Veterans Administration Hospital experience. Cáncer, 54.918-23, 1984.
3. Ahmed, M.E. & Gustavsson, S.: Current paliative modalities for esophageal carcinoma. Acta Chir. Scand., 156: 95-8,1990.
4. Akamura, I, I . : Nakamura, Y , ; Kakegawa, T.; Nakayama, R,; Watanabe, H, & Yamashita, H.; Surgery of carcinoma of the esophagus with pre-operative radiation. Chest., 57: 47-57, 1970,
5. Akiyama, H,; Sato, J , & Takahashi, F,: Immediate pharyngogastronomy following total esophagectomy by blunt dissectomy, Jpn, J , Surg., 1:225-31, 1971,
6. Akiyam», H,; Tsurumaru, M, Kawamura, T. & Ono, Y .: Principies of surgical treatment for carcinoma of the esophagus: analysis of lymph node involvement, Ann, Surg., 194:438-46, 1981.
7. Akiyama, H,: Tsurumaru, M. Watanabe, G,: Ono, Y , ; Udagawa, H, & Susuki, Development of Surgery for carcinoma of the esophagus, Am, J , Surg., 147:9-16, 1984.
8. Denk, W,: Zur radikaloperation des oesophaguskarzonoms, Zb;. Chir, 40: 1065-68, 1913,
9. Editorial, Transhiatal oesophagectomy without thoracotomy, Lancet, 2:2376, 1986,
10. Ferreira, E.A,B,: Esofagectomía subtotal e esofagogastroplastia transmediastinal posterior sem toractomia no tratamento do megaesofago. Sao Paulo, 1975. Tese (Livre-Docencia) - Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
11. Ferreira E.A.B,,: Paula, R,A,; Branco, P,D. & Raia, A.A. Esophagectomy followed by esophagogastroplasty though the posterior mediastinum without horacotomy. Chir, Gastroent. (Surg, Gastroent), 10:347-50, 1976,
12. Gatzinsky, P.; Berglin, E. Dernevic, L . ; Larsson, L & William- Olsson, G. Resectional operations and long-term resuits in carcinoma of the esophagus. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 89: 72-6, 1985.
13. Giuli, R. & Sancho-Garnier, H.: Diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic features of cancers of the esophagus, resuits of the International prospective study conducted by the OESO group (790 patients). Surgery, 99:614-22, 1986,
14. Goldfaden, D,; Orringer, M B & Appelman, H,D.,:Adenocarcinoma of tíie distal esophagus and gastric cardia: comparison of resuits of transhiatal esophagectomy and thoracoabdominal esophagogastrectomy. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 91:242-47, 1986.
15. Goodner, J . T.,: Combined (irradiation and surgery) therapy for cáncer of the thoracic esophagus. Prog. Cli. Can- 27. cer, 4:375, 1970.
16. Gotley, D.C.; Beard, J . ; Cooper, M.J.; Britton, D.C.;Wi-Uiamson, R.C.N.; Abdominocervical (transhiatal) oeso- 28. phagectomy in the management of oesophageal carcinoma. Br. J . Surg., 77:815-19, 1990.
17. Gupta, N.M.: Transhiatal esophagectomy. Acta Chir. Scand, 156:149-53, 1990. 29.
18. Isono, K,: Ochiai, T.; Okiyana, K. & Onoda, S.: The treatment of lymph node metástasis from esophagel cáncer by extensive lymphadenoctomy. Jpn. J . Surg., 20- 30 151-7, 1990.
19. Kato, H,: Tachimori, Y.; Watanabe H.; Yamaguchi, H.; Ishikawa, T. & Itabashi, M. Superficisd esophageal carel- 31 noma: surgical treatment and the resuits. Cáncer, 66; 2319-23, 1990.
20. Levy, W.: Versuche uber die resektion der speiserohre, 32. arch. Klin. Chir., 56-839-92, 1898.
21. Lewis, I . : The surgical treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus. Br. J. Surg., 34:19, 1946. 33.
22. Orringer, M.B.: Technical aids in performing hiatal eso- 34. phagectomy without thoracotomy. Ann. Thorac. Surg., 38:128-32, 1984.
23. Orringer, M.B. & Orringer, J.S.: Esophagectomy without thoracotomy: a dangerous operation? J . Thorac. Cardio- 35. vasc. Surg., 85:72-80, 1983.
24. Orringer, M.B: Transhiatal esophagectomy without thoracotomy for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. Ann. Surg., 200:282-8, 1984.
25.Orringer MB, Sloan H: Esophaguectomy without thoracotomy. J Hiorac Cardiovasc Surg 76:634, 1978.
26.Pinotti, H.W.,: Esofagectomía subtotal por túnel transmediastinal sem toracotomía. Rev. Assoc. Med. Brasil., 23:395, 1977.
27.Pinotti HW, Zilberstein B, PoUara W, Raia A: Esophagectomy without thoracotomy. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 152:344, 1981.
28.Shaihian, D.M.,; Neptune, W.B.; Ellis, F.H. 7 Watkins, E . : Transthoracic versus extrathoracic esophagectomy; mortality, morbidity and long term survival. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 41:327-46, 1986.
29.Skinner, D.B.: En bloc resection for neplasms of the esophagus and cardia. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 85:89-71, 1983.
30.Skinner, D.B.; Dowlatshahi, K.D. & DeMeester, T.R.: Pontetially curable cáncer of the esophagus. Cáncer 50: 2571-5, 1982.
31.Spath, F.; Heutige operative moglichkeitein beim thorakelen oesophagoskarzinom und prognose. Bruns. Beitr. Klin. Chir., 218:289, 1970.
32.Torek, F . : The first successful case of resection of the thoracic portion of the esophagus for carcinoma. Surg. Gynec. Obst., 60:614-17, 1913.
33.Torek, F. (1913) Four. Amer. med. Ass., 60, 1533.
34.Wu, Y.K.; Huang. G. J . ; Shao, L . F . ; Zhang, Y.D. & Lin, X.S.: Orogress in the study and surgical treatment of cáncer of the esophagus in China, 1940-1980. J. A. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 84:325-33, 1982.
35.Younghusbadn, J.D.; Alviwihare, A.P.R.: Carcinoma of the esophagus: factors influencüig survival. Br. J . Surg., 57:422-30, 1970.
2. Adelstein, D.J.; Forman, W.B. & Beavers, B,: Esophageal carcinoma: A six year review of the Cleveland Veterans Administration Hospital experience. Cáncer, 54.918-23, 1984.
3. Ahmed, M.E. & Gustavsson, S.: Current paliative modalities for esophageal carcinoma. Acta Chir. Scand., 156: 95-8,1990.
4. Akamura, I, I . : Nakamura, Y , ; Kakegawa, T.; Nakayama, R,; Watanabe, H, & Yamashita, H.; Surgery of carcinoma of the esophagus with pre-operative radiation. Chest., 57: 47-57, 1970,
5. Akiyama, H,; Sato, J , & Takahashi, F,: Immediate pharyngogastronomy following total esophagectomy by blunt dissectomy, Jpn, J , Surg., 1:225-31, 1971,
6. Akiyam», H,; Tsurumaru, M, Kawamura, T. & Ono, Y .: Principies of surgical treatment for carcinoma of the esophagus: analysis of lymph node involvement, Ann, Surg., 194:438-46, 1981.
7. Akiyama, H,: Tsurumaru, M. Watanabe, G,: Ono, Y , ; Udagawa, H, & Susuki, Development of Surgery for carcinoma of the esophagus, Am, J , Surg., 147:9-16, 1984.
8. Denk, W,: Zur radikaloperation des oesophaguskarzonoms, Zb;. Chir, 40: 1065-68, 1913,
9. Editorial, Transhiatal oesophagectomy without thoracotomy, Lancet, 2:2376, 1986,
10. Ferreira, E.A,B,: Esofagectomía subtotal e esofagogastroplastia transmediastinal posterior sem toractomia no tratamento do megaesofago. Sao Paulo, 1975. Tese (Livre-Docencia) - Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
11. Ferreira E.A.B,,: Paula, R,A,; Branco, P,D. & Raia, A.A. Esophagectomy followed by esophagogastroplasty though the posterior mediastinum without horacotomy. Chir, Gastroent. (Surg, Gastroent), 10:347-50, 1976,
12. Gatzinsky, P.; Berglin, E. Dernevic, L . ; Larsson, L & William- Olsson, G. Resectional operations and long-term resuits in carcinoma of the esophagus. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 89: 72-6, 1985.
13. Giuli, R. & Sancho-Garnier, H.: Diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic features of cancers of the esophagus, resuits of the International prospective study conducted by the OESO group (790 patients). Surgery, 99:614-22, 1986,
14. Goldfaden, D,; Orringer, M B & Appelman, H,D.,:Adenocarcinoma of tíie distal esophagus and gastric cardia: comparison of resuits of transhiatal esophagectomy and thoracoabdominal esophagogastrectomy. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 91:242-47, 1986.
15. Goodner, J . T.,: Combined (irradiation and surgery) therapy for cáncer of the thoracic esophagus. Prog. Cli. Can- 27. cer, 4:375, 1970.
16. Gotley, D.C.; Beard, J . ; Cooper, M.J.; Britton, D.C.;Wi-Uiamson, R.C.N.; Abdominocervical (transhiatal) oeso- 28. phagectomy in the management of oesophageal carcinoma. Br. J . Surg., 77:815-19, 1990.
17. Gupta, N.M.: Transhiatal esophagectomy. Acta Chir. Scand, 156:149-53, 1990. 29.
18. Isono, K,: Ochiai, T.; Okiyana, K. & Onoda, S.: The treatment of lymph node metástasis from esophagel cáncer by extensive lymphadenoctomy. Jpn. J . Surg., 20- 30 151-7, 1990.
19. Kato, H,: Tachimori, Y.; Watanabe H.; Yamaguchi, H.; Ishikawa, T. & Itabashi, M. Superficisd esophageal carel- 31 noma: surgical treatment and the resuits. Cáncer, 66; 2319-23, 1990.
20. Levy, W.: Versuche uber die resektion der speiserohre, 32. arch. Klin. Chir., 56-839-92, 1898.
21. Lewis, I . : The surgical treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus. Br. J. Surg., 34:19, 1946. 33.
22. Orringer, M.B.: Technical aids in performing hiatal eso- 34. phagectomy without thoracotomy. Ann. Thorac. Surg., 38:128-32, 1984.
23. Orringer, M.B. & Orringer, J.S.: Esophagectomy without thoracotomy: a dangerous operation? J . Thorac. Cardio- 35. vasc. Surg., 85:72-80, 1983.
24. Orringer, M.B: Transhiatal esophagectomy without thoracotomy for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. Ann. Surg., 200:282-8, 1984.
25.Orringer MB, Sloan H: Esophaguectomy without thoracotomy. J Hiorac Cardiovasc Surg 76:634, 1978.
26.Pinotti, H.W.,: Esofagectomía subtotal por túnel transmediastinal sem toracotomía. Rev. Assoc. Med. Brasil., 23:395, 1977.
27.Pinotti HW, Zilberstein B, PoUara W, Raia A: Esophagectomy without thoracotomy. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 152:344, 1981.
28.Shaihian, D.M.,; Neptune, W.B.; Ellis, F.H. 7 Watkins, E . : Transthoracic versus extrathoracic esophagectomy; mortality, morbidity and long term survival. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 41:327-46, 1986.
29.Skinner, D.B.: En bloc resection for neplasms of the esophagus and cardia. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 85:89-71, 1983.
30.Skinner, D.B.; Dowlatshahi, K.D. & DeMeester, T.R.: Pontetially curable cáncer of the esophagus. Cáncer 50: 2571-5, 1982.
31.Spath, F.; Heutige operative moglichkeitein beim thorakelen oesophagoskarzinom und prognose. Bruns. Beitr. Klin. Chir., 218:289, 1970.
32.Torek, F . : The first successful case of resection of the thoracic portion of the esophagus for carcinoma. Surg. Gynec. Obst., 60:614-17, 1913.
33.Torek, F. (1913) Four. Amer. med. Ass., 60, 1533.
34.Wu, Y.K.; Huang. G. J . ; Shao, L . F . ; Zhang, Y.D. & Lin, X.S.: Orogress in the study and surgical treatment of cáncer of the esophagus in China, 1940-1980. J. A. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 84:325-33, 1982.
35.Younghusbadn, J.D.; Alviwihare, A.P.R.: Carcinoma of the esophagus: factors influencüig survival. Br. J . Surg., 57:422-30, 1970.
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2017-06-16
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1.
Torres M, Silva M, Guadalupe R, Noboa C, Alarcón A, Arévalo J, et al. Cáncer de esófago: tratamiento quirúrgico esofaguectomía transmediastinal o toracotomía. Rev Fac Cien Med (Quito) [Internet]. 16 de junio de 2017 [citado 12 de marzo de 2026];19(1-4):51-4. Disponible en: https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/CIENCIAS_MEDICAS/article/view/783
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