Implementing Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) technique to improve tenth-grade students’ reading comprehension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29166/kronos.v6i1.7693Keywords:
Cooperative learning, Reading comprehension, Exploratory Action ResearchAbstract
Education First (2022) and the British Council (2015) claim that there is a lack of reading culture among the
population, affecting both English and their native language. Reading comprehension skills development is, therefore, crucial for EFL students since it allows them to access primary sources, expand their vocabulary and language proficiency, succeed academically, and foster lifelong learning and personal development. Thus, EFL teachers should focus on improving their students' reading skills to increase their English language competency (Casco and Mayorga, 2021).
For this reason, the current study sought to investigate how the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition
(CIRC) technique affected the reading comprehension abilities of tenth-grade students at a public high school in Cuenca, Ecuador. The present study employed both quantitative and qualitative tools within an Exploratory Action Research framework. This included diagnostic and summative tests and written reflections, collected before and after the CIRC intervention. The research found that the CIRC technique significantly improved reading comprehension and motivated students. Cooperative methods, such as the CIRC technique, enhance reading comprehension, communication, critical thinking, academic skills, and peer-social connections, making it a valuable tool for educators.
Downloads
References
Alvarez Llerena, C. L., & Ha, X. V. (2022). Exploring English language teaching in Ecuadorian sec
ondary schools: Teachers’ beliefs about the national curriculum reform. Language Related Research,
(5), 117-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/LRR.13.5.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52547/LRR.13.5.5
Asrifan, A., & Raskova Octaberlina, L. (2021). The Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition
(CIRC) Strategy in Teaching Reading Comprehension Teaching Comprehension. ScienceOpen Preprints.
https://doi.org/10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-.ppmy3fc.v1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-.PPMY3FC.v1
Ayu, Y. M., Suparman, U., & Putrawan, G. E. (2017). The Implementation of CIRC Technique to
Improve Students’ Reading Narrative Text in The Second Grade of Junior High School 7 Bandar
Lampung (Doctoral dissertation, Lampung University). http://jurnal.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/123/article/
view/13966/pdf
Azhari, S. N., Cahyani, I., & Kirana, P. (2019). Application model cooperative integrated reading and
composition (CIRC) to improve reading comprehension skills of class V elementary school student.
International Journal of Science and Applied Science: Conference Series, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.20961/
ijsascs.v3i1.32452
British-Council. (2015). English in Ecuador An examination of policy, perceptions and influencing
factors. https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/English%20in%20Ecuador.pdf
Carrillo, N. M. R., Labre, M. G. P., & Valle, V. V. Y. (2019). The effects of cooperative learning on
reading comprehension. Explorador Digital, 3(3.1), 143-163. https://doi.org/10.33262/explorador
digital.v3i3.1.875
Casco, G. M. R., & Mayorga, J. I. M. (2021). Reading skill development through CLIL Methodology.
ConcienciaDigital, 4(3), 68-80. https://doi.org/10.33262/concienciadigital.v4i3.1702 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33262/concienciadigital.v4i3.1702
Castillo, L. (2021 December 17). Ecuador, con bajo desempeño en lectura. El Comericio. Retrieved
from: https://www.elcomercio.com/tendencias/sociedad/ecuador-bajo-desempeno-lectura-ninos.html
Chunata, N. M. I., Espinosa, A. G. R., Silva, E. C. M., & Hernández, S. E. M. (2020). Modelo de apren
dizaje cooperativo del idioma inglés utilizando tecnologías de la información y comunicación. Con
cienciaDigital, 3(2), 55-68. https://doi.org/10.33262/concienciadigital.v3i2.1208 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33262/concienciadigital.v3i2.1208
EF English Proficiency Index, Ecuador (2022). https://www.ef.com/wwen/epi/regions/latin-america/
ecuador/
EFL Ecuadorian Curriculum. (2016). In M. d. Ecuador, English as a foreign for subnivel superior (p.
.
Fang, Q., Liu, G., Hu, Y., Hu, Y., & Wang, J. (2022). A blended collaborative learning model aiming to DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214001017
deep learning. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 140, p. 01017). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/
shsconf/202214001017
Ghasemi, Z., & Baradaran, A. (2018). The Comparative effect of student team-achievement division
and cooperative integrated reading and composition on EFL learners’ speaking complexity. Interna
tional Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 7(3), 67-72. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac
ijalel.v.7n.3p.67
Hasjaya, A., Sulkipli, M., Idris, I., Maryam, A., & Ahmad, R. E. (2022). The cooperative type cooperative
integrated reading and composition (CIRC) model is being used to enhance reading comprehension
skills. Journal of Learning Improvement and Lesson Study, 2(2), 32-36. https://doi.org/10.24036/jlils.
v2i2.27
Hayatina, M., & Fajrina, S. A. (2018). Cooperative integrated reading composition to improve pupils’
reading comprehension achievement and motivation. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers
and Teacher Education, 8(2), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.37134/jrpptte.vol8.no2.4.2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37134/jrpptte.vol8.no2.4.2018
Indiyani, D. (2018). The use of Jigsaw and Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC)
Method to Improve Reading Comprehension of Report Text of The Second Grade Students of SMK
Nu 06 Nualimin Weleri in The Academic Year of 2017/2018 [Master’s thesis]. http://e-repository.
perpus.iainsalatiga.ac.id/2121/
Jaramillo-Ponton, M. F., Vargas-Saritama, A. B., Cabrera-Solano, P., Rios, L. A. V., & Ojeda, A. Z.
(2019). Improving EFL reading habits in adolescent students from public high schools in Ecuador.
International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(10), 191-202. https://doi.
org/10.26803/ijlter.18.10.12
Legiawati, L. (2017). The CIRC technique in teaching reading comprehension on descriptive text.
Journal of English Education Program (JEEP), 4(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/(jeep).v4i1.1873
Mahdahera, D. D. U., & Ridwan, I. (2023). EFL students’engagement in reading comprehension using
Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) technique. BAHTERA: Jurnal Pendidikan
Bahasa dan Sastra, 22(1), 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/bahtera.221.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21009/bahtera.221.01
Nanda, D. W., & Azmy, K. (2020). Poor reading comprehension issue in EFL classroom among Indo
nesian secondary school students: Scrutinizing the causes, impacts and possible solutions. ENGLISIA:
Journal of Language, Education, and Humanities, 8(1), 12-24. https://doi.org/10.22373/ej.v8i1.6771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22373/ej.v8i1.6771
Nurfaidah, S. (2018). Vygotsky’s legacy on teaching and learning writing as social process. LANGKA DOI: https://doi.org/10.31332/lkw.v4i2.1038
WI: Journal of the Association for Arabic and English, 4(2), 149-156. https://dx.doi.org/10.31332/lkw.
v4i2.1038
Rahma, D. (2017). The implementation of cooperative integrated reading and composition strategy to
improve the students’ ability in reading comprehension. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Sem
inar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2017). https://doi.org/10.2991/
aisteel-17.2017.25
Rahmasari, B., & Swasti, A. (2022). Teaching Reading Using CIRC Method. Journey: Journal of English
Language and Pedagogy, 5(2), 304–309. https://doi.org/10.33503/journey.v5i2.2080 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33503/journey.v5i2.2080
Ronalto, T., Dadi, S., & Karjiyati, V. (2021). Pengembangan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran
(RPP) Menggunakan Model Cooperative Learning tipe Jigsaw Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Di Kelas
V SD Negeri Kota Bengkulu. JURIDIKDAS: Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Dasar, 4(1), 32-43. https://doi.
org/10.33369/juridikdas.4.1.32%20-%2043
Sanita, S. (2019). The Effectiveness of Using Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition
(CIRC) Technique to Improve Students’ Reading Comprehension on Recount Text at The Second Year
of SMPN 5 Parepare (Doctoral dissertation, IAIN Parepare). http://repository.iainpare.ac.id/id/eprint/880
Smith, R., & Rebolledo, P. (2019). A Handbook for Exploratory Action Research. ELT Journal, 76(2).
https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccz025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccz025
Susilo, A., Mufanti, R., & Fitriani, A. (2021). Promoting EFL students’ critical thinking and self-voicing
through CIRC technique in Academic Writing courses. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(3),
-934. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i3.21149 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i3.21149
Umar Al Faruq, A. H., Sari, Y. A., & Puspita, N. (2020). Applying of Cooperative Integrated Reading
and Composition (CIRC) Strategy on Students’ Reading Comprehension. Anglophile Journal, 1(1),
-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51278/anglophile.v1i1.80 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51278/anglophile.v1i1.80
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 William Santiago Chuquiguanga Tenesaca, Genesis Milena Bravo Caguana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
