Influence of surfactants in the evaluation of interfacial tension for a petroleum water emulsion related to the improved recovery process
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Abstract
After exploit an oilfield with primary recovery, one gets to extract an average of 24% of existing at the site oil, then you can run secondary recovery processes by applying methods such as injection of water or gas injection, recovering approximately 40% of the existing deposits original oil. Residual oil is not recovered by primary or secondary processes due to factors that limit the use of these recovery processes, such as: the loss of the pressure, power loss of energy of the site and the existence of capillaries and viscous forces which are they oppose the mobility of the hydrocarbon. (Enhanced Oil Recovery EOR) enhanced recovery processes, are used to recover the residual oil, such as injection of surfactants that decrease the capillary forces that exist in the contact oil-water and at the level of the pores in the rock, allowing to decrease the interfacial tension oil-water, increasing the mobility of the residual oil for reclamation. Enhanced recovery of oil in the Ecuador projects are not carried out by the high investments required, but other countries used the injection of surfactants for its low costs, allowing the recovery of oil from 3% to 5% increase in the deposits. Analyzing the influence of surface and interfacial tension of surfactants in emulsifying cationic water petroleum, based on criteria of micellar concentration criticism CMC and analysis of the molecule by means of infrared spectroscopy, gave the best result.
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