Injertos, sustitutos y mediadores biológicos para regeneración periodontal en defectos intraóseos: una revisión actualizada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29166/odontologia.vol26.n2.2024-e6749Palabras clave:
regeneración periodontal, materiales biocompatibles, defectos intraóseosResumen
Objetivo. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es sintetizar la evidencia disponible para proporcionar al clínico una revisión actualizada de biomateriales, injertos o sustitutos óseos, mediadores biológicos, y otras terapias usadas para la regeneración periodontal de los defectos intraóseos. Materiales y Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed (Medline), PubMed, Elsevier y Google Scholar. Esta revisión ha analizado y actualizado estudios sobre biomateriales de regeneración periodontal. Resultados. Los resultados de la presente revisión indican que la regeneración periodontal en defectos intraóseos humanos se puede lograr en un grado variable utilizando una variedad de métodos y materiales. Se ha observado regeneración periodontal tras el uso de una variedad de injertos y sustitutos óseos, regeneración tisular guiada, derivados de matriz de esmalte que ya llevan tiempo siendo usados y estudiados, así como materiales que están emergiendo en la actualidad como lo son los mediadores biológicos. Conclusión. Regenerar el aparato de inserción y soporte de los dientes es necesario ya que permite cambiar o mejorar el pronóstico después de la destrucción ocasionada por la periodontitis. En la actualidad no existen un biomaterial, mediador biológico, injerto o sustituto óseo que pueda considerarse como el gold standard debido a que el uso de estos es solo uno de los factores para obtener la regeneración periodontal de los defectos intraóseos, otras determinantes como el estado sistémico, variables conductuales, el medio ambiente bucal, técnicas de diseño-manejo de colgajos, la experiencia y formación del cirujano también tienen un efecto directo sobre el resultado.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Mauricio Ismael Cordero Beltran, Johnny Renato Pineda Paredes, Cristina Paola Carpio Cedillo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
