Oral hygiene and risk factors in children and adolescents in the Manta canton, Manabí
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29166/odontologia.vol27.n2.esp.2025-e8203Keywords:
simplified oral hygiene index, social determinants of health, bacterial plaque, oral healthAbstract
Oral hygiene is crucial for preventing oral diseases such as caries and periodontal disease. Furthermore, diseases and their biological and behavioral causes are often a consequence of social and cultural patterns. The objective was to determine the relationship between the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index and risk factors in children and adolescents from the Manta canton in the province of Manabí. The study was descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective. The sample consisted of 440 medical records of children and adolescents from the Manta canton who were evaluated at the Mobile Dental Unit of the Eloy Alfaro Lay University of Manabí and 163 social and oral hygiene habit surveys. Fifty-three percent were male, and the proportion of those in the 5- to 8-year-old group was higher at 59.3%. The OHI was 0.32, the sum of 0.29 for the plaque component and 0.03 for the calculus component. According to the interpretation of this index for each patient, the oral hygiene status of the children and adolescents treated was good for 71.8% of patients and excellent for 24.5%. According to their sociodemographic variables, there were statistically significant differences only for the gender variable. These data provide insight into the current oral health situation in the canton and allow authorities to take measures to further improve it, thus contributing to an increase in quality of life.
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