Effect of concentration H3O+ and Mg in early growth and absorption of nutrients in banana plants grown in hydroponic solution
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A hydroponic experiment was carried out with the objective of studying the effect of H3O+ and Mg concentration on the growth and water and nutrients absorption by banana plants. The five treatments evaluated consisted of the combination of four Mg rates (25, 50, 100, 200 mg l-1) and two concentrations of H3O+ (1x10-4M y 1x10-6M) which produced the following treatments: 1) 25-pH 6; 2) 25-pH 4; 3) 50-pH 4; 4) 100-pH 4; and 5) 200-pH 4. Tissue culture plants of the Grand Naine clone between 7 and 10 cm height were grown in 20 L containers for 63 days. At the end of this time, plant height, pseudostem circumference, plant biomass, leaf emission rate, leaf area and nutrient absorption were measured. The concentration of H3O+ had no effect on water absorption or growth variables. The absorption of N, K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, B was the same at both the H3O+ concentrations, while P, Fe and Cu absorption was greater in plants grown at a greater concentration of H3O+ (pH 4) while Mn was absorbed in greater quantities at the lower concentration of H3O+ (pH 6). The concentration of Mg affected the growth variables and dry matter accumulation by different plant parts. The effects were linear, except for leaf number at the end of the experiment and second order root biomass which were quadratic. An increasing concentration of Mg reduced the absorption of the macro and micro-nutrients in the following order: Ca > N ≥ K ≥ S > P y Mn > Zn > Cu, while the absorption of Fe and B was increased.
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