Resiliencia socio-ecológica: una perspectiva teórico-metodológica para el turismo comunitario
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La resiliencia es una capacidad de las localidades turísticas por medio de la cual lidian con el cambio y las perturbaciones que ponen en peligro los recursos de vida. Los objetivos de este artículo son analizar los aportes teórico-metodológicos de la resiliencia en el turismo y diseñar un marco analítico, integral y flexible con el propósito de estimar la resiliencia de forma cualitativa en comunidades locales turísticas. Además, intenta servir de guía a investigadores que necesitan dar precisión a sus experiencias empíricas. Metodológicamente, se recurre a la revisión de la literatura especializada, con ello se examina el aporte recíproco de los sistemas socio-ecológicos y la resiliencia en el turismo. Enseguida se utiliza el método de análisis-síntesis, con la intención de identificar la importancia y el alcance de los elementos de un marco teórico-metodológico. Luego, se unifican criterios semejantes, a fin de conectar relaciones y formar un todo como aporte al conocimiento científico. De acuerdo con los resultados, la capacidad de análisis de los marcos teórico-metodológicos se sustenta en las características de los sistemas socio-ecológicos, el uso de factores de resiliencia y el empleo de medidas operacionales de resiliencia.
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