Cerámicas: una actualización
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29166/odontologia.vol21.n2.2019-86-113Palabras clave:
Porcelana Dental, Cerámica, Restauraciones de Cerámica, Silicatos de Alumínio, Circonio, Vita EnamicResumen
Las cerámicas dentales utilizadas para restaurar y reemplazar tejido dental perdido de los dientes o las piezas dentales mismas, han sufrido una enorme transformación desde que aparecieron las primeras porcelanas hace ya varias décadas. Con las feldespáticas se podían hacer dientes, coronas y puentes pero, necesitaban un soporte de metal para que no sufran fracturas con los esfuerzos masticatorios, y por ello no tenían una apariencia vital. Hoy en día, han aparecido muchas otras cerámicas con diferentes y mejoradas características mecánicas y ópticas, lo que ha permitido que los odontólogos puedan por primera vez ofrecer a sus pacientes dientes artificiales con sorprendente naturalidad. Objetivo: Describir la clasificación actual, las características mecánicas y ópticas, así como la microestructura y los usos clínicos de las diferentes cerámicas dentales utilizadas hoy en día. Materiales y métodos: Revisión de la literatura acerca del tema, en tres de los más importantes buscadores de internet (Pubmed,Cochrane,Web of Science). Limitando su busca a artículos en inglés y publicados en los journals de investigación de materiales dentales con calificación Q1 y Q2. Resultados: Se revisaron 69 artículos publicados entre 1975 y 2019 los cuales aportaron una fuente interesante de información que permitió desarrollar el conocimiento acerca de la clasificación, microestructura, propiedades mecánicas y ópticas, usos clínicos y forma de procesamiento de las cerámicas. Conclusiones: Actualmente los odontólogos tienen a disposición una amplia variedad de materiales cerámicos con diferentes composiciones y características únicas que son necesarias conocer al momento de escoger la cerámica específica para cada necesidad de los pacientes.
Descargas
Citas
Rosenblum MA, Schulman A. A Review of All-Ceramic Restorations. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 1997;128(3):297-307.
Cesar P. Cerâmicas odontológicas. Acedido em. 2011;13(05).
Shenoy A, Shenoy N. Dental ceramics: An update. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD. 2010;13(4):195.
Craig RG, Powers JM. Materiais dentários restauradores: Santos; 2004.
Gomes E, Assunção W, Rocha E, Santos P. Ceramic in dentistry: current situation. Cerâmica. 2008;54(331):319-25.
Gracis S, Thompson VP, Ferencz JL, Silva NR, Bonfante EA. A new classification system for all-ceramic and ceramic-like restorative materials. International Journal of prosthodontics. 2015;28(3).
Denry IL. Recent Advances in Ceramics for Dentistry. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine. 1996;7(2):134-43.
Al-Harthi AA, Aljoudi M, Almaliki M, El-Banna K. Laboratory Study of Micro-shear Bond Strength of Two Resin Cements to Leucite Ceramics using Different Ceramic Primers. The journal of contemporary dental practice. 2018;19(8):918-24.
Stangel I, Nathanson D, Hsu C. Shear strength of the composite bond to etched porcelain. Journal of dental research. 1987;66(9):1460-5.
Spohr AM, Sobrinho LC, Consani S, Sinhoreti MAC, Knowles JC. Influence of surface conditions and silane agent on the bond of resin to IPS Empress 2 ceramic. International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2003;16(3).
Cesar PF, Yoshimura HN, Júnior WGM, Okada CY. Correlation between fracture toughness and leucite content in dental porcelains. Journal of dentistry. 2005;33(9):721-9.
Morena R, Lockwood P, Fairhurst C. Fracture toughness of commercial dental porcelains. Dental Materials. 1986;2(2):58-62.
Cattell MJ, Chadwick TC, Knowles JC, Clarke RL, Lynch E. Flexural strength optimisation of a leucite reinforced glass ceramic. Dental Materials. 2001;17(1):21-33.
Denry IL, Mackert JR, Holloway JA, Rosenstiel SF. Effect of Cubic Leucite Stabilization on the Flexural Strength of Feldspathic Dental Porcelain. Journal of dental research. 1996;75(12):1928-35.
Cattell MJ, Clarke RL, Lynch EJR. The transverse strength, reliability and microstructural features of four dental ceramics — Part I. Journal of Dentistry. 1997;25(5):399-407.
Quinn J, Sundar V, Lloyd IK. Influence of microstructure and chemistry on the fracture toughness of dental ceramics. Dental Materials. 2003;19(7):603-11.
Gresnigt MM, Cune MS, Schuitemaker J, van der Made SA, Meisberger EW, Magne P, et al. Performance of ceramic laminate veneers with immediate dentine sealing: An 11 year prospective clinical trial. Dental Materials. 2019;35(7):1042-52.
Beier US, Kapferer I, Burtscher D, Dumfahrt H. Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers for up to 20 years. International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2012;25(1):79-85.
Layton DM, Walton TR. The up to 21-year clinical outcome and survival of feldspathic porcelain veneers: accounting for clustering. International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2012;25(6).
Ong JL, Farley DW, Norling BK. Quantification of leucite concentration using X-ray diffraction. Dental Materials. 2000;16(1):20-5.
Mackert Jr J, Williams A. Microcracks in dental porcelain and their behavior during multiple firing. Journal of dental research. 1996;75(7):1484-90.
Mackert Jr J, Rueggeberg E, Lockwood P, Evans A, Thompson W. Isothermal anneal effect on microcrack density around leucite particles in dental porcelain. Journal of dental research. 1994;73(6):1221-7.
Mackert JR, Williams AL, Ergle JW, Russell CM. Water-enhanced crystallization of leucite in dental porcelain. Dental Materials. 2000;16(6):426-31.
Morena R, Lockwood PE, Fairhurst CW. Fracture toughness of commercial dental porcelains. Dental Materials. 1986;2(2):58-62.
Kon M, Kawano F, Asaoka K, Matsumoto N. Effect of Leucite Crystals on the Strength of Glassy Porcelain. Dental Materials Journal. 1994;13(2):138-47,269.
Maunula H, Hjerppe J, Lassila LL, Närhi T. Optical Properties and Failure Load of Thin CAD/CAM Ceramic Veneers. The European journal of prosthodontics and restorative dentistry. 2017;25(2):86-92.
Kelly JR, Benetti P. Ceramic materials in dentistry: historical evolution and current practice. Australian dental journal. 2011;56:84-96.
Krämer N, Taschner M, Lohbauer U, Petschelt A, Frankenberger R. Totally bonded ceramic inlays and onlays after eight years. Journal of Adhesive Dentistry. 2008;10(4).
Zarone F, Di Mauro MI, Ausiello P, Ruggiero G, Sorrentino R. Current status on lithium disilicate and zirconia: a narrative review. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):134.
Albakry M, Guazzato M, Swain MV. Influence of hot pressing on the microstructure and fracture toughness of two pressable dental glass–ceramics. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials: An Official Journal of The Society for Biomaterials, The Japanese Society for Biomaterials, and The Australian Society for Biomaterials and the Korean Society for Biomaterials. 2004;71(1):99-107.
Zarone F, Ferrari M, Mangano FG, Leone R, Sorrentino R. “Digitally oriented materials”: focus on lithium disilicate ceramics. International journal of dentistry. 2016;2016.
Lien W, Roberts HW, Platt JA, Vandewalle KS, Hill TJ, Chu T-MG. Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic. Dental materials. 2015;31(8):928-40.
Belli R, Geinzer E, Muschweck A, Petschelt A, Lohbauer U. Mechanical fatigue degradation of ceramics versus resin composites for dental restorations. Dental Materials. 2014;30(4):424-32.
Song X-F, Ren H-T, Yin L. Machinability of lithium disilicate glass ceramic in in vitro dental diamond bur adjusting process. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. 2016;53:78-92.
Bühler-Zemp P, Völkel T. IPS e. max CAD Scientific documentation. Ivoclar Vivadent. 2005:1-16.
Forster A, Ungvári K, Györgyey Á, Kukovecz Á, Turzó K, Nagy K. Human epithelial tissue culture study on restorative materials. Journal of dentistry. 2014;42(1):7-14.
Höland W, Apel E, van‘t Hoen C, Rheinberger V. Studies of crystal phase formations in high-strength lithium disilicate glass–ceramics. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 2006;352(38-39):4041-50.
Denry I, Holloway J. Ceramics for dental applications: a review. Materials. 2010;3(1):351-68.
Fasbinder DJ, Dennison JB, Heys D, Neiva G. A Clinical Evaluation of Chairside Lithium Disilicate CAD/CAM Crowns. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2010;141:10S-4S.
Gehrt M, Wolfart S, Rafai N, Reich S, Edelhoff D. Clinical results of lithium-disilicate crowns after up to 9 years of service. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2013;17(1):275-84.
Piconi C, Maccauro G. Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial. Biomaterials. 1999;20(1):1-25.
Christel P, Meunier A, Dorlot JM, Crolet JM, Witvoet J, Sedel L, et al. Biomechanical compatibility and design of ceramic implants for orthopedic surgery. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1988;523(1):234-56.
Miyazaki T, Nakamura T, Matsumura H, Ban S, Kobayashi T. Current status of zirconia restoration. Journal of prosthodontic research. 2013;57(4):236-61.
Kelly JR, Denry I. Stabilized zirconia as a structural ceramic: an overview. Dental materials. 2008;24(3):289-98.
Denry I, Kelly JR. State of the art of zirconia for dental applications. Dental materials. 2008;24(3):299-307.
Manicone PF, Iommetti PR, Raffaelli L. An overview of zirconia ceramics: basic properties and clinical applications. Journal of dentistry. 2007;35(11):819-26.
Kern M, Thompson VP. Bonding to glass infiltrated alumina ceramic: Adhesive methods and their durability. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1995;73(3):240-9.
Kirmali O, Kustarci A, Kapdan A, Er K. Efficacy of surface roughness and bond strength of Y-TZP zirconia after various pre-treatments. Photomedicine and laser surgery. 2015;33(1):15-21.
De Mello CC, Bitencourt SB, dos Santos DM, Pesqueira AA, Pellizzer EP, Goiato MC. The Effect of Surface Treatment on Shear Bond Strength between Y-TZP and Veneer Ceramic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2018;27(7):624-35.
Garvie R, Hannink R, Pascoe R. Ceramic steel? Nature. 1975;258(5537):703.
Kim JE, Kim JH, Shim JS, Roh BD, Shin Y. Effect of Surface Treatment on Shear Bond Strength between Resin Cement and Ce-TZP/Al2O3. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:7576942.
Guazzato M, Albakry M, Ringer SP, Swain MV. Strength, fracture toughness and microstructure of a selection of all-ceramic materials. Part II. Zirconia-based dental ceramics. Dental Materials. 2004;20(5):449-56.
Miranda RBP, Miranda WGJ, Lazar DRR, Ussui V, Marchi J, Cesar PF. Effect of titania content and biomimetic coating on the mechanical properties of the Y-TZP/TiO2 composite. Dent Mater. 2018;34(2):238-45.
Baldissara P, Llukacej A, Ciocca L, Valandro FL, Scotti R. Translucency of zirconia copings made with different CAD/CAM systems. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2010;104(1):6-12.
Le M, Larsson C, Papia E. Bond strength between MDP-based cement and translucent zirconia. Dent Mater J. 2019;38(3):480-9.
Araujo AMM, Januario A, Moura DMD, Tribst JPM, Ozcan M, Souza ROA. Can the Application of Multi-Mode Adhesive be a Substitute to Silicatized/Silanized Y-TZP Ceramics? Braz Dent J. 2018;29(3):275-81.
Dal Piva AMO, Carvalho RLA, Lima AL, Bottino MA, Melo RM, Valandro LF. Silica coating followed by heat-treatment of MDP-primer for resin bond stability to yttria-stabilized zirconia polycrystals. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2019;107(1):104-11.
Melo R, Souza R, Dursun E, Monteiro E, Valandro L, Bottino M. Surface treatments of zirconia to enhance bonding durability. Operative dentistry. 2015;40(6):636-43.
Yue X, Hou X, Gao J, Bao P, Shen J. Effects of MDP-based primers on shear bond strength between resin cement and zirconia. Exp Ther Med. 2019;17(5):3564-72.
Ahn JS, Yi YA, Lee Y, Seo DG. Shear Bond Strength of MDP-Containing Self-Adhesive Resin Cement and Y-TZP Ceramics: Effect of Phosphate Monomer-Containing Primers. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:389234.
Yang L, Chen B, Xie H, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen C. Durability of Resin Bonding to Zirconia Using Products Containing 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl Dihydrogen Phosphate. J Adhes Dent. 2018;20(4):279-87.
Treccani L, Klein TY, Meder F, Pardun K, Rezwan K. Functionalized ceramics for biomedical, biotechnological and environmental applications. Acta biomaterialia. 2013;9(7):7115-50.
He L-H, Swain M. A novel polymer infiltrated ceramic dental material. Dental Materials. 2011;27(6):527-34.
Coldea A, Swain MV, Thiel N. Mechanical properties of polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network materials. Dental Materials. 2013;29(4):419-26.
Della Bona A, Corazza PH, Zhang Y. Characterization of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network material. Dental Materials. 2014;30(5):564-9.
Lawson NC, Bansal R, Burgess JO. Wear, strength, modulus and hardness of CAD/CAM restorative materials. Dental Materials. 2016;32(11):e275-e83.
Eldafrawy M, Nguyen JF, Mainjot AK, Sadoun MJ. A Functionally Graded PICN Material for Biomimetic CAD-CAM Blocks. Journal of dental research. 2018;97(12):1324-30.
Nguyen J-F, Migonney V, Ruse ND, Sadoun M. Resin composite blocks via high-pressure high-temperature polymerization. Dental Materials. 2012;28(5):529-34.
Mainjot AK, Dupont NM, Oudkerk JC, Dewael TY, Sadoun MJ. From Artisanal to CAD-CAM Blocks: State of the Art of Indirect Composites. Journal of dental research. 2016;95(5):487-95.
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2020 Marcelo Cascante Calderón, Inés Villacís Altamirano, Igor Studart Medeiros
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
