Eficacia de los vehículos empleados para aumentar el efecto antimicrobiano del hidróxido de calcio frente a Enterococcus faecalis: revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29166/od.v28iEsp.9217Palabras clave:
Enterococcus faecalis, Hidróxido de calcio, Vehículos antimicrobianosResumen
Introducción: El estudio analizó la eficacia de los vehículos empleados para potenciar la acción antimicrobiana del hidróxido de calcio frente a Enterococcus faecalis, microorganismo resistente y frecuente en retratamientos endodónticos. Este material se utiliza por su capacidad de liberar iones hidroxilo que elevan el pH intracanal y alteran la estructura bacteriana. Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de distintos vehículos en la liberación iónica, la difusión intracanal y la estabilidad del hidróxido de calcio, determinando su efecto sobre la eliminación bacteriana y su importancia en la desinfección del sistema de conductos radiculares. Materiales y métodos: La revisión se realizó bajo la guía PRISMA mediante una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed de artículos publicados entre 2020 y 2025. Se aplicó una estrategia con operadores booleanos para combinar términos relacionados con hidróxido de calcio, vehículos antimicrobianos y Enterococcus faecalis, seleccionando estudios en texto completo que evaluaran la eficacia antimicrobiana del medicamento según el tipo de vehículo. Resultados: Los vehículos viscosos y combinados mostraron mayor eficacia al mantener una liberación sostenida de iones y conservar la estabilidad química; los acuosos presentaron acción rápida pero breve, mientras que los oleosos mostraron menor difusión. El propilenglicol y la clorhexidina destacaron por prolongar el efecto alcalino y mejorar la penetración intracanal. Conclusión: Este estudio permitió identificar que los vehículos viscosos y combinados ofrecen mejores resultados frente a E. faecalis al mantener un pH estable y una actividad antimicrobiana prolongada.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Esteban Alejandro Vivas Peralta, Maria Cristina Rockenbach Binz Ordoñez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
