Synergy between biofumigation with Indian mustard and the antagonist fungus Trichoderma harzianum for the control of Phomopsis spp., under in vitro conditions
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Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the combined effect of two pest biocontrol tactics: biofumigation with Brassica juncea and inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum, on the in vitro growth of the pathogen Phomopsis spp., etiological agent of canker disease in pecan crops (Carya illinoinensis). B. juncea plants were triturated and placed in polystyrene recipients in doses of 10 and 30 g. Then, a Petri dish was introduced into each of these recipients, with a disk with mycelium of Phomopsis spp. or T. harzianum or both fungi (dual culture). It was incubated in a culture chamber. The parameters evaluated were the surface area of the colonies and the percentage of mycelial inhibition of Phomopsis spp. The data were analyzed with non-parametric statistics using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results indicated that: i) B. juncea did not affect the growth of T. harzianum; ii) the 30 g dose of B. juncea completely suppressed the growth of Phomopsis spp.; iii) T. harzianum significantly inhibited the growth of Phomopsis spp. colonies; iv) the combination of T. harzianum and biofumigation with 10 g of B. juncea showed synergy on growth control of Phomopsis spp. Biofumigation with B. juncea, the application of T. harzianum and the combination of both techniques could be promising alternatives for the biological control of Phomopsis spp.
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