Suplementación alimenticia de glutamina sobre el desempeño productivo en pollos de engorde
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El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el tamaño del efecto de la suplementación de glutamina sobre el rendimiento productivo de pollos de engorde, la consistencia de su efecto y la influencia de otros factores mediante el uso de meta-análisis. Se encontró que la suplementación de glutamina favorece el aprovechamiento de nutrientes reflejado en menores valores de conversión alimenticia (calculada con ganancia de peso) 1,484 versus 1,518, y un tamaño medio de efecto de -0,031 (diferencia de medias) (P=0,00005). Los pollos control requieren consumir 31 g adicionales de alimento para producir 1 kg de peso ganado en comparación con el grupo que sí recibió el aminoácido en estudio. Cuando la variable analizada fue conversión alimenticia (calculada con peso vivo) (1,468 vs. 1,478), se determinó que los pollos sin glutamina requieren de 15 g adicionales de alimento para producir 1 kg de peso vivo (diferencia de medias= -0,015; P=0,00001). No se encontró un efecto consistente entre los estudios realizados, presentándose valores elevados en el test de inconsistencia, 100% y 81,6% para las dos formas de conversión de alimento. Las meta-regresiones señalan que factores relacionados al diseño del experimento o ciertos niveles de nutrientes tienen impacto sobre la variable en estudio. Se concluye que la suplementación de glutamina favorece el rendimiento productivo en pollos de engorde. Sin embargo, se debe considerar el diseño del estudio y la formulación de la dieta
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