Impact of the main oral health problems on the quality of life in preschool children
Keywords:
Pediatric dentistry, child, dental caries, tooth injuries, tooth erosionAbstract
The main oral health problems affecting children under 5 years of age are Dental Caries (DC), Dental Trauma (DT) and recently Erosive Tooth Wear (ETW). Objective: To assess the impact of the prevalence and severity of DC, DT and ETW on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in preschool children and their parents/caregivers, associated with sociodemographic variables. Materials and Methods: 617 children aged 3 and 4 years-old were systematically selected during the National Day of children Vaccination in Diadema, São Paulo-Brazil. Parents and/or caregivers answered the Bra-zilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) and socio-demographic conditions. Informed consent was signed prior to the clinical examination. Trained and calibrated dentists performed the clinical examinations for DC, DT and ETW. For the statistical analysis, the Poisson regression was performed with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The Kappa values (Inter and intra-examiner) for all clinical conditions studied were > 0.8. The prevalence of DC, DT and ETW of the total sample was 33.1%, 26.9% and 52.4% respectively. An association of the total score of B-ECOHIS with the child’s age (PR = 1.62 / p = 0.005), the presence of DC (PR = 2.88 / p <0.001) and DC severity were observed. It was considered as high severity when the child had a ceo-d > 6 (PR = 4.76 / p <0.001). The presence and severity of DT and ETW did not show a negative impact on the OHRQoL of preschool children. Conclusions: The age of the child, the presence and severity of DC are associated with the worst OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents/caregivers. DT and ETW showed no impact on OHRQoL.
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