The root canal system of maxillary and mandibular second premolars using the dental diaphanization technique

Abstract

Objective: To identify the root canal system presenting the maxillary and mandibular second premolars, using the dental diaphanization technique. Materials and methods: 100 human second premolars were used, 50 upper and 50 lower, which were donated by owners of different dental centers in the city of Quito. They were sectioned at the cementoenamel level to dispose of the root. The root canal was permeabilized with a K # 10 file and Pelikan ® Indian ink was injected into the pulp chamber and root canals. To achieve decalcification, the teeth were immersed in a glass jar with 5% nitric acid. The dehydration process consisted of placing the teeth in 80%, 90% and 100% alcohol. Finally, the dehydrated teeth were stored in methyl salicylate for diaphanization, which was achieved in approximately two hours. Results: in the first 50 upper second premolars, the Vertucci type I classification was predominant with a total of n=25 (50%) pieces followed by the type IV classification n=16 (32%) type V n=6 (12 %) type III n=4 (4%) and classification type VII n=1 (2%). The remaining 50 lower second premolars presented the Vertucci type I classification, which was predominant with a total of n=37 (74%), followed by type IV n=8 (16%) and type III n=5 (10%).. Conclusion: Diaphanization is a technique of demineralization and whitening of extracted teeth, which allows direct and three-dimensional observation of their interior anatomy, allowing to know the variability of the root canal system of dental organs in a clear and didactic way.