Rural tourism and COVID-19 A literature review (2020-2021) and its contrast with Latin American empirical evidence
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Abstract
The aim of this research was to analyze the challenges and opportunities of rural tourism in Latin America, in the face of COVID-19. A systematic literature review was developed (2020 to 2021) to provide a global overview of the situation. The data were contrasted by means of a multiple case study. The case of the Mexican central highlands was analyzed based on the adaptability strategies developed by rural tourism enterprises in the territory; the case in Colombia through a proposal for a resilient redefinition of the Vegalarga district, a rural area in conflict; the case in Brazil through the articulation of a mindful rural tourism strategy; and the one in Argentina through the analysis of public policies aimed at reactivating tourism. These strategies for adapting rural tourism to COVID-19 are the result of the social, economic, and political configurations of each context. It is possible to identify heterogeneous and changing results that will be the background for the redefinition of rural tourism in the face of the pandemic. Rural tourism is an option for post-pandemic economic revitalization, to the extent that it meets the needs for leisure and recreation in the context of economic restrictions , decreased mobility and psychological insecurity, caused by COVID-19. Rural tourism can contribute to redefining the meaning of traveling, focusing on sustainable practices, and improving the living conditions of rural communities.
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