Phosphate fertilization and its influence on agronomic characteristics of corn grown on mucuna ash (Mucuna pruriens) incorporated and in soil cover
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Abstract
Low yield of corn in Paraguay can be mitigated with the proper fertilization and fertilization management, including the incorporation of green manure such as mucuna ash (Mucuna pruriens). The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the phosphate fertilization on the agronomic performance of maize variety Dkb 290, cultivated with mucuna ash incorporated with the soil and as soil cover. The experiment consisted of a factorial 2 x 5, arranged in a Split-Plot Experimental Design with four replications. In the main plot was arranged the mucuna applications (incorporated with the soil or as soil cover) and the sub-plots were arranged the phosphate fertilizer (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 P kg ha-1). The experimental unit consisted of a plot of 14 m2. Plant height, fresh matter content, grains per plant, yield and weight of 1000 grains were evaluated. Data were subjected to ANOVA and mean differences were stablished with the Tukey 5% test. The results indicate that plant height was not influenced by the factors under study, neither interactions among factors were detected. Interaction effects were clearly detected between the form of use of mucuna ash and the applied phosphorus doses for fresh matter content, grains per plant, yield and weight of 1000 grains. The best results were obtained with treatments of incorporated mucuna ash with 75 kg P ha-1 for fresh matter content and yield, and mucuna ash as soil cover with 50 kg P ha-1 for weight of 1000 grains. Based on results of this study, the application of mucuna ash incorporated with the soil with 75 kg P ha-1 is recommended.
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