In vitro effect of native Trichoderma spp. strains on Sclerotium sp. and Fusarium sp.
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Abstract
The search for biological control alternatives against plant pathogens has increased in recent years. This study aimed to determine the biological control efficiency of six native strains of Trichoderma spp. isolated from different ecosystems, against Sclerotium sp. and Fusarium sp. Strains of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from Persea americana, Coffea arabica, Passiflora edulis, Mangifera indica, Saccharum officinarum, Citrus spp., while two pathogens Sclerotium sp. and Fusarium sp., were extracted from Solanum lycopersicum. The isolates were cultured on PDA medium and incubated at 27 °C. Fungal identification was performed using taxonomic keys. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with six treatments and five replications, where the radial growth, antagonism and antibiosis of Trichoderma spp. on pathogens were quantified. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s mean separation test (p < 0.05). The results showed that the native Trichoderma spp. strain (TCHN-22) exhibited the highest radial growth. However, strains TIAN-21, TBLN-21 and TCRN-20 were found to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium sp., while strains TCHN-22 and TCPN-22 exhibited enhanced control of Fusarium sp. Regarding antagonistic activity, strains TIAN-21 and TCSN-22 showed higher levels, whereas the strains TCPN-22 and TBLN-21 stood out in terms of antibiosis. These findings suggest that native strains represent a viable alternative for biological control of both pathogens.
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