Serological and molecular characterization of Brucella spp. in cattle farms in the Guaranda canton

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Published: May 19, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v13i1.8636
Keywords:
Brucella, PCR, phylogenetic tree, sequencing, zoonosis

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Willian Conde Castillo
Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Campus Académico “Alpachaca” Av. Ernesto Che Guevara s/n y Av. Gabriel Secaira, Guaranda, Bolívar, Ecuador
Franklin Román Cárdenas
Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Campus Académico “Alpachaca” Av. Ernesto Che Guevara s/n y Av. Gabriel Secaira, Guaranda, Bolívar, Ecuador

Abstract

Brucellosis is a disease caused by Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Brucella, primarily causing abortions and infertility, resulting in significant economic losses and posing a risk to public health. The objective of this study was to identify and determine the serological and molecular prevalence and biovars of Brucella in dairy cattle farms. Sampling was conducted based on the total estimated number of reproductive-age female cattle in the canton, with a margin of error of 7.3%, selecting one sample for every 146 female cattle. The iELISA test was used for serological diagnosis in 180 bovine serum samples, confirmed by PCR, and genetic sequencing was performed. The results showed a prevalence of 2.8% by iELISA and 3.8% by PCR, with an incidence of 2 new cases per farm. In the San Lorenzo parish, 1.6% of cases were identified, while the Gabriel Ignacio Veintimilla, Guanujo, Salinas, and Simiatug parishes each had a prevalence of 0.5%. PCR and sequencing were performed at Macrogen, Inc., Seoul, South Korea. The obtained sequences were cleaned using Chromas version 2.6 and assembled with BioEdit version 7.2, then entered BLAST to identify the bacteria. A phylogenetic tree of the relationships between the different Brucella biovars was constructed using MEGA version 11.13. This is the first study in which the bacterium has been identified through sequencing in the canton of Guaranda.

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How to Cite
Conde Castillo, W., & Román Cárdenas, F. (2026). Serological and molecular characterization of Brucella spp. in cattle farms in the Guaranda canton. Siembra, 13(1), e8636. https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v13i1.8636
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Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
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Original article
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Author Biographies

Willian Conde Castillo, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Campus Académico “Alpachaca” Av. Ernesto Che Guevara s/n y Av. Gabriel Secaira, Guaranda, Bolívar, Ecuador

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9490-8529

Franklin Román Cárdenas, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Campus Académico “Alpachaca” Av. Ernesto Che Guevara s/n y Av. Gabriel Secaira, Guaranda, Bolívar, Ecuador

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-5558

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